植物长叶与气候变化-凯发k8官网

植物长叶与气候变化
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2014-06-21 07:04 字体: [ ] 
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global warming is generally expected to bring spring forward but, as a new study at ludwig-maximilians-universitaet (lmu) in munich shows, a concomitant(相伴的) 1 of plant species from warmer southern 2 could 3 this effect. climate change is already clearly discernible(可辨别的) in our part of the world. data from local weather stations indicate that the average temperature in the munich region has risen by 1.5°c over the past century. lmu biologist professor susanne renner and her research group have now looked at the effects of this warming trend on the 4 of leaf 5 ("leaf-out") in a broad range of 6 and trees.
 
the inducers of leaf-out
 
"it is widely believed that warmer temperatures will extend the growing season and that leaf-out in our 7(植物群) will occur at progressively earlier times in the year. however, whether air temperature or day-length is the 8 factor determining the date of leaf-out is actually known for very few of the thousands of species of trees and shrubs," says renner. as director of munich's botanic garden, she was in a position to remedy this situation.
 
some 16,000 plant species from diverse climate zones are cultivated in the garden, and renner and her doctoral student constantin zohner have taken advantage of this unique resource to monitor the timing of leaf-out in nearly 500 different species of woody plants. "such a comprehensive phenological study has never been undertaken before," says renner. temperature and day-length are the primary triggers of leaf development, and selective forces during the course of evolution have 9 which signal is actually used in a given species. the results of the new study show that, in many woody plants that thrive in warmer southern climes, day-length acts as a safety barrier so that these trees don't risk having their leaves damaged by late frosts -- and increased temperature does not 10(推翻,不顾) this barrier.
 
11 requires long days
 
this strategy is the better bet for thermophilic(喜温的) species because they are unable to cope with frost damage and are therefore 12 to late frosts. "this 13 adaptation is particularly striking in the case of beech trees, in which leaf-out occurs 14 late in the year," renner adds. "the beech in central europe is a 15 of the warmer temperatures that prevailed during the tertiary period; leaf emergence requires 13 hours of daylight, regardless of whether the spring was warm or cool and moist."
 
"southern species develop their first leaves up to a month later than plants from our 16 climate," says renner, "and the more of these thermophilic species expand their range northwards as temperatures rise, the more late flushers we may gain. moreover, species that are already adapted to our northerly climates are unlikely to undergo leaf-out at ever earlier times, because they require prior exposure to a certain number of 17 days to prime(作准备) the process.


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1 c7lxl     
n.流入,注入
参考例句:
  • the country simply cannot absorb this influx of refugees.这个国家实在不能接纳这么多涌入的难民。
  • textile workers favoured protection because they feared an influx of cheap cloth.纺织工人拥护贸易保护措施,因为他们担心涌入廉价纺织品。
2 90df39afd31b3508eb257043703bc0f3     
纬度
参考例句:
  • latitudes are the lines that go from east to west. 纬线是从东到西的线。
  • it was the brief indian summer of the high latitudes. 这是高纬度地方的那种短暂的晚秋。
3 vzlxb     
vt.对…起反作用,对抗,抵消
参考例句:
  • the doctor gave him some medicine to counteract the effect of the poison.医生给他些药解毒。
  • our work calls for mutual support.we shouldn't counteract each other's efforts.工作要互相支持,不要互相拆台。
4 rguzgc     
n.时间安排,时间选择
参考例句:
  • the timing of the meeting is not convenient.会议的时间安排不合适。
  • the timing of our statement is very opportune.我们发表声明选择的时机很恰当。
5 5p3xr     
n.浮现,显现,出现,(植物)突出体
参考例句:
  • the last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy.最近10年见证了经济增长的姿态。
  • language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society.语言是随着社会的产生而产生,随着社会的发展而发展的。
6 b480276f8eea44e011d42320b17c3619     
灌木( shrub的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • the gardener spent a complete morning in trimming those two shrubs. 园丁花了整个上午的时间修剪那两处灌木林。
  • these shrubs will need more light to produce flowering shoots. 这些灌木需要更多的光照才能抽出开花的新枝。
7 4j7x1     
n.(某一地区的)植物群
参考例句:
  • the subtropical island has a remarkably rich native flora.这个亚热带岛屿有相当丰富的乡土植物种类。
  • all flora need water and light.一切草木都需要水和阳光。
8 usaxg     
adj.支配的,统治的;占优势的;显性的;n.主因,要素,主要的人(或物);显性基因
参考例句:
  • the british were formerly dominant in india.英国人从前统治印度。
  • she was a dominant figure in the french film industry.她在法国电影界是个举足轻重的人物。
9 duszmp     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • i have determined on going to tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • he determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
10 sk4xu     
vt.不顾,不理睬,否决;压倒,优先于
参考例句:
  • the welfare of a child should always override the wishes of its parents.孩子的幸福安康应该永远比父母的愿望来得更重要。
  • i'm applying in advance for the authority to override him.我提前申请当局对他进行否决。
11 uynzjf     
n.山毛榉;adj.山毛榉的
参考例句:
  • autumn is the time to see the beech woods in all their glory.秋天是观赏山毛榉林的最佳时期。
  • exasperated,he leaped the stream,and strode towards beech clump.他满腔恼怒,跳过小河,大踏步向毛榉林子走去。
12 4rrw7     
adj.过敏的,敏感的;易动感情的,易受感动的
参考例句:
  • children are more susceptible than adults.孩子比成人易受感动。
  • we are all susceptible to advertising.我们都易受广告的影响。
13 ctqz7m     
adj.进化的;演化的,演变的;[生]进化论的
参考例句:
  • life has its own evolutionary process.生命有其自身的进化过程。
  • these are fascinating questions to be resolved by the evolutionary studies of plants.这些十分吸引人的问题将在研究植物进化过程中得以解决。
14 bkqzs3     
adv.比较...地,相对地
参考例句:
  • the rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • the operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
15 4v2xd     
n.神圣的遗物,遗迹,纪念物
参考例句:
  • this stone axe is a relic of ancient times.这石斧是古代的遗物。
  • he found himself thinking of the man as a relic from the past.他把这个男人看成是过去时代的人物。
16 tihzd     
adj.温和的,温带的,自我克制的,不过分的
参考例句:
  • asia extends across the frigid,temperate and tropical zones.亚洲地跨寒、温、热三带。
  • great britain has a temperate climate.英国气候温和。
17 pofzl     
adj.凉快的,寒冷的
参考例句:
  • i feel chilly without a coat.我由于没有穿大衣而感到凉飕飕的。
  • i grew chilly when the fire went out.炉火熄灭后,寒气逼人。
tag标签: climate plant temperature
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