常见动词的错误用法-凯发k8官网

常见动词的错误用法
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2008-12-29 00:20 字体: [ ] 
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

  英语动词是所有词类中最易犯错的一种,许多英语运用上的毛病都和动词有关。有时,连常用的动词都会有用法上的错误。例如有些动词意思相近,其实不尽然。至少,在用法上,会有所差别,如“ rise”和“raise”,“stay”和“remain”便是。有些动词,单独用时是一个意思和用法,加上介词时,是另一个意思和用法,如“ see”和“see to”,“search”和“search for ”便是。

  下面就来详细谈谈。先看这两个句子:

  ① sam raises very early every morning.

  ② the monitor rises his hand to ask a question.

  大家知道,raise是个及物动词,意思是“举起”,要有宾语; rise是个不及物动词,意思是“起身”,不可有宾语。这里的①和② 都错;raises和rises必须对换才对。

  ③ he remained in the holiday 1.

  ④ the flowers stayed on the branches.

  英语的remain是“留下来”;stay是“暂住”。显然的,③和④ 是不合逻辑的,remained 和stayed必须互换。

  ⑤ a 2 3 her money.

  ⑥ a few masked men stole a small bank last night.

  虽然robbed和stole都是及物动词,有自己的宾语,但是它们在这里的用法不当。steal要跟着被偷的东西,如钱财、珠宝等;rob的宾语是“人”或“处所”。因此,⑤和⑥的robbed和stole要掉转一下。

  类似的例子还有下面这些:

  ⑦ a. mend b. repair

  这两个动词都是“修理”;不同的是:简单的工作,用mend;复杂的或需要特别仪器的事项,则用repair,如:

  ⑦a. you can mend the broken part of the page with glue.

  ⑦b. it took some time to repair the road.

  ⑧a. burned b. burnt

  这两个动词是burn的过去式和过去分词;在句子中的岗位不同,通常有宾语时用“burnt”,没宾语时用“burned”,如:

  ⑧a. the love of freedom burned in our hearts./ the candle has burned brightly for the whole night.

  ⑧b. who has burnt the paper?/ jane burnt all the letters from her former boyfriend.

  至于“动词”和“助动 介词”的误用,我们可以看下面两组例子:

  ⑨ the police searched the suspects in the shopping centre, but nobody was arrested.

  ⑩ i searched for my pocket and found some coins.

  从语感就知道,⑨和⑩里的searched和searched for是倒置了。 ⑨要的是“寻找”(searched for);⑩要的是“检查”(searched ),两者对换才是。

  ⑾the boy says when he grows, he will be a teacher.

  ⑿their business grows up 4.

  英语的grow是“发展”;grow up是“长大”。显然的,(11)和(12) 的两个动词又误用了,要对调一下。

  上面各例证明,英语动词真是不简单。看似没什么问题的,也出现了问题,更何况是复杂特殊的用法呢?



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1 t69xs     
n.小旅馆,客栈;小酒店,小饭店
参考例句:
  • i shall lodge at the inn for two nights.我要在这家小店住两个晚上。
  • we stayed in a small village inn,right off the map.我们住在一家偏僻的乡村小店里。
2 nnuyv     
v.使弯曲;n.小偷,骗子,贼;弯曲(处)
参考例句:
  • he demanded an apology from me for calling him a crook.我骂他骗子,他要我向他认错。
  • she was cradling a small parcel in the crook of her elbow.她用手臂挎着一个小包裹。
3 eec50577cdb274096c8f01f2a2905214     
v.抢夺( rob的过去式和过去分词 );抢劫;掠夺;使丧失
参考例句:
  • would you be able to identify the man who robbed you? 你能够认出那个抢你东西的人吗? 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • they stood looking on while the man was robbed. 正当那个人被抢劫时,他们却站在那儿袖手旁观。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 lk5zcz     
adv.快地,迅速地
参考例句:
  • the company has grown rapidly in the last five years.这家公司近五年来迅速地发展壮大。
  • ice changes into water rapidly on a hot day.天气炎热的时候,冰很快就化为水。
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