英语动词按其过去式和过去分词的构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加ed构成,而不规则动词的变化因词而异。但如对不规则动词的过去式和过去分词做一分析,就可发现其中的“规则”。为方便同学们记忆,现将初中英语教学大纲中的69个不规则动词的原形、过去式和过去分词列出并规为五种类型。同学们还可将第二、三类分为若干组,以便准确记忆。
一、aaa型(原形、过去式和过去分词同形):
1 cost cost
cut cut cut
let let let
put put put
read read read
二、abb型(过去式与过去分词同形):
bring 2 brought
build 3 built
buy bought bought
catch caught caught
dig 4 dug
feel felt felt
find 5 found
get 6 got
have 7 had
hear heard heard
hold held held
keep kept kept
※learn learnt learnt
leave left left
lend 8 lent
make 9 made
meet met met
pay 10 paid
say 11 said
sell 12 sold
send sent sent
shine 13 shone
sit 14 sat
sleep slept slept
※smell 15 smelt
spend spent spent
stand 16 stood
teach 17 taught
tell told told
think 18 thought
understand understood
understood
三、abc型(原形、过去式和过去分词各异):
be was/were been
begin began begun
blow blew blown
break 19 broken
do 20 done
draw drew drawn
drink drank drunk
drive 21 driven
eat 22 eaten
fall 23 fallen
fly 24 flown
forget 25 forgotten
give 26 given
go went gone
grow grew grown
know knew known
lie 27 lain
ride 28 ridden
ring rang rung
see 29 seen
show showed shown
sing 30 sung
speak 31 spoken
swim swam swum
take 32 taken
throw threw thrown
wake 33 woken
wear wore worn
write 34 written
四、aba型(原形与过去分词同形):
become 35 become
come 36 come
五、aab型(原形与过去式同形):
37 beat 38
(注:带※号的词也可视为规则动词。)