英语复合句的用法及解题技巧-凯发k8官网

在高考英语试题中，复合句占有较大的比例，复习时应该注意：

１．倡发散思维，忌单向思维，考各种从属句，常常是不同类型的连接词语正误连缀而至，如果不抓住这一点，不从多方面思考选择，就容易以偏概全， 误入歧途。

２．弄清主从复合句中的每一个从属连接词的意思、用法、主句与从句在时态上的呼应、语气、是否需要倒装、固定搭配及逻辑常识等。

３．熟记句型及特殊表达形式。

４．注意各分句之间的特点及区别。

５．注意有些连接词的省略情况及省略后某些语序发生的变化。

总之在做习题时，不能生搬硬套，一成不变，要全方位的思考，摸清出题者的意图，灵活机动，随着不同的语言环境而变化。

一、状语从句：

状语从句又可分为时间、地点、目的、原因、结果、行为方式、条件、让步及比较等几种形式。

１．i'll go with you ¹ soon as i ____my work.

a.will finish b.² finish c.finish d.³

选ｃ．在时间、条件状语从句中，主句可能是祈使句、一般将来时或带情态动词，从句用一般现在时。如 果主句是过去将来时，从句可以用一般过去时。能够引导时间状语从句、条件状语从句的从属连接词，常见的 有：when,until （ti y,directly,⁴,as long as,suppose等。如：

（１）unless he comes,we ⁶'t be ⁷ to go.

（２）⁵ it goes on raining,what shall we do?

（３）lu xun often said,"as long as i am alive,i shall go on studying."

２．no sooner_____the ⁹ than they ¹⁰ out into the street. a.they heard b.they ¹¹ heard c.¹² they hear d.had they heard 选ｄ．no sooner…than,hardly… when,scarcely… before表示"—… 就"，主句一般用过去完成时（h ad v-ed），从句用一般过去时，如果hardly,no sooner, scarcely放句首，主谓倒装。

３．¹³ he is ¹⁴ a great writer,____(met'91) a.his ¹⁵ are not widely read b.but his works are not widelyread c.¹⁶ his works are not widely read d.still his works arenot widely read 选ａ．这是一个让步状语从句，主句与从句之间有一个从属连词 although(though)，不能再加but,howeve r,still等，但可以和yet连用。

４．no matter how hard he worked,____（８４年） a.he ¹⁸ not do any better b.and he could not do any better c.so he could do any bettes d.but he could not do any better 选ａ．由no matter引导的让步状语从句，其主句也不能再用but,and,so 等并列连接词。

５．____he might,he failed,a.try as b.as try c.tried as d.as tried 选ａ．为了强调让步的意义，表示出非常强烈的对照，用as或though引导的让步状语从句，从句的语序要作部分调整，即把句子受强调的表语、状语或动词原形置于从句的句首。如果表语是单数可数名词，移置句首时，名词前不用冠词。如：

（１）much as i like it,i will not buy it.（２）child as she is,she knows a lot of english.

６．did the two boys look so much alike____no one could tell thema ¹⁹?

a.and b.that c.as d.so that

选ｂ．目的状语从句的表达："主＋谓＋that(so that,in ²⁰ that)＋ 主＋may(might,can,could,sho uldn't等)＋谓"。

７．____mr smith is well again,he can ²¹. a.now that b.but that c.and that d.²² that

选ａ．now that相当于since。表示原因状语从句的连接词常见的有 because,as,since,now that,seeing that,considering that等。

８．it was____a hundred people looked lost in it. a.so large a room that b.so large a room c.²⁴ large a room thatd.a such large room

选ａ．引导结果状语从句：

so＋adj(adv)＋that从句so＋adj＋a(an)＋n＋that从句such＋a(an)＋ adj＋n＋that从句 表示"这样……（一个）……以至于……"。

９．the harder he worked,____he felt. a.happier b.the happier c.the happy d.the happiest 选ｂ．the＋比较级＋主＋谓，the＋比较级＋主＋谓，意思是"越…… 越……"。

二、定语从句

定语从句是在复合句中使其修饰的某一名词或代词代表一个（些）或一类特 定的人或东西。在做定语从句 的练习时，首先应该找出先行词，然后再确定选择关系代词或关系副词。能够引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词有 who,²⁵,whose,that,which,when,why,where。

１．she heard a ²⁶ noise,____brought her ²⁷ into ber mouth.(m

a.it b.which c.this d.that

选ｂ．在非限定性定语从句中，关系代词用which不能用that。

２．he ²⁸ the boy $ 10 for ²⁹ ten wiondows,most of____hadn't cleaned for at ³⁰ a y ear.(met'90)

a.these b.those c.that d.which

选ｄ．如果选ａ、ｂ、ｃ，整个句子不符合语法要求，因为有一个"逗号"， 不是并列句，因此只能是一 个非限定性定语从句，在非限定性定语从句中关系代词一般用which。

３．his parents wouldn't ³¹ anyone____family ²³ poor.(met'88)

a.of whom b.whom c.of whose d.whose

选ｄ．因为whose作family的定语。

４．³³ the ³⁴ handed in everything____he had ³⁵ to thepolice.(met'87)

a.after b.what c.³⁶ d.that

选ｄ．因为ａ、ｂ、ｃ不能引导定语从句。先行词everything，关系代词 that在从句中作宾语。当先行词 是不定代词all,anything,nothing,everything,something等，关系代词只能由that引导。

５．all____is needed is a ³⁷ of ³⁸.(met'89)

a.the thing b.that c.what c.which

选ｂ．all作先行词，关系代词由that引导。

６．in ³⁹ the swede did not understand the three questions____were asked in ⁴⁰.（８５年 ）

a.where b.who c.in which d.which

选ｄ．question是先行词，在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。

７．the man____talked to you just now is an ⁴¹.（８０年） a.who b.where c.which d.what

选ａ．先行词是man。在从句中作主语，所以选who。

８．the word"write"has the same pronunciation____the work"right". （８４年）

a.of b.as c.to d.from

选ｂ．先行词中含有such,the same时，或先行词被such,the same修饰时，关系代词用as引导。

９．watch the girl and her dog____are crossing the ⁴². a.which b.who c.they d.that

选ｄ．当先行词含有"人"和"物"时，关系代词用that。

１０．this dictionary,a ⁴³ pages____are missing,is of no use.

a.⁴⁴ which b.of which c.which d.in which

选ｂ．dictionary是先行词，which是关系代词，a few pages of which(diciotnary)。

１１．you may take____book you like.

a.which b.only c.⁴⁵ d.what

选ｃ．复合关系代词本身兼有先行词。whichever=anything that,whatever=anything that,⁴⁶=any one who,whomever=³² whom,whosever=anyone whose。

１２．this is the best dictionary____i've ¹⁷ bought.

a.with which b.that c.which d.when

选ｂ．先行词是dictionary，因为先行词前有最高级、序数词、only,very,any等修饰时，关系代词用tha t。

１３．i still remember the day____i first ⁴⁷ to beijing.

a.which b.that c.when d.where

选ｃ．先行词the day，在定语从句中作状语，所以选when。当先行词是时间名词或地点名词时，关系词选 用when或where,that或which，主要取决于在定语从句中所作成份，如果作宾语，用that或which，作状语用wh en或where。 如：

（１）i still remember the days that/which we spent in the ⁴⁸.

先行词是the days,spent是及物动词，that/which作spent的宾语。

（２）this is the place where i lived three years ago.

先行词是place,lived是不及物动词，where在从句中作状语。

（３）this is the place that/which we visited three years ago.

先行词是place,visited是及物动词，that/which在从句中作宾语。

１４．____,charles dickens was an english writetr.

a.it's knownn to all b.it's ⁴⁹ that c.we all know d.as isknown to all

选ｄ．as引出非限定性定语从句，表示"正如……那样”。类似的还有：asyou know,as you see,as can be known,as has been ⁵⁰ out,as is known to all等。

１５．i don't like the way____you laughed

at her.

a.which b.in that c.where d.that

选ｄ．先行词是the way，表示方式，可用that（可省）或in which来引导一个定语从句。如果先行词是时 间或原因，也可用that（可省）或when或 why来引导定语从句。如：

（１）this was the ⁵¹ that/why he was late yesterday.

（２）this is the last time that i shall give you a lesson.

三、名词性从句：

在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语与同位语的句子分别叫做主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句， 这些统称为名词性从句。

１．can you make sure____the gold ring?(met'90)

a.where alice had put b.where had alice put c.where alice has putd.where has alice put

选ｃ．在宾语从句中，须用陈述句自然语序（即疑问词＋主语＋谓语）。主句是现在时，从句也亦用相应的一类时态，现在完成时。

２．these ⁵² will show you____(met'89)

a.what does out village look like b.what our village looks likec.how does our village look like d.how our village looks like

选ｂ．"show"后面接一个宾语从句，ａ，ｃ语序不合，ｄ答案中的how是副词，不能作like的宾语。

３．they want to know____do to help us.(met'88)

a.what can they b.what they can c.how they can d.how can they

选ｂ．know后面接一个宾语从句，ａ，ｄ语序不合，ｃ答案中的how是副词，不能作do的宾语。

４．they have no idea at all____.(met'87)

a.where he has gone b.where did he go c.which place has he goned.where has he gone

选ａ．根据宾语从句语序。

５．can you tell me____?（８５年）

a.who is that ⁵³ b.that gentleman is who c.who that gentleman is d.whom is that ge ntleman

选ｃ．在宾语从句中that gentleman作主语，who作表语。

６．the old gentleman never ⁵⁴ to help____is in need of help. a.whom b.who cwhoever d.whomever

选ｃ．whoever=anyone who。如：

（１）you may do whatever(anything that) you like.

（２）⁵⁵ the book to whosever(anyone whose)name is on it.

（３）you had better see the men for ⁵⁶ and choose whichever(any one of them that) you like.

７．____comes back first is ⁵⁷ to win the ⁵⁸.

a.those who b.anyone c.whoever d.the one who

选ｃ．whoever=anyone who。ａ主谓不一致，ｂ句子结构不正确，ｄ无让步意味。

８．the news____we had won in the match ⁵⁹ us all.

a.that b.where c.which d.⁸

选ａ．we had won in the match就是the news 的具体内容，同位语从句中的连词that，尽管不作任何成 份，但不能省去。

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