2006高考英语考生须知-凯发k8官网

2006高考英语考生须知-旧词新意
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2006-09-22 03:01 字体: [ ] 
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
近年来,为了考查考生猜测词义的能力,高考英语阅读理解题中出现了大量生词,其中有不少词属于熟词换新义的情况,很多考生因不懂这些熟词的新含义,而出现思维被堵的现象,严重影响了对全文的正确理解,造成了不应有的失分。

例1:ottawa has given out special passes to some 300 us 1 in that area so they can enter the country when canadian 2 stations are closed, but the us stopped a similar program last may. (2005全国卷i)
析:custom原本为名词,表风俗习惯。由句中special passes、enter the country和are closed之间的语境逻辑可以推断该词仍为名词,表“海关”。

例2:the other teams, 3, were on the bus 4 home. (2004山东卷)
析:head本为名词,表头。由the bus和home的语境逻辑可以推断,该句head为动词,表方向,结合全句可译为“开往、驶向”。

例3:i had first 5 she was wrong, that her 6 had clouded her 7. (2004全国卷ⅱ)
析:cloud本为名词,表云。分析语境逻辑可知,忧虑会影响一个人的判断,因此该句clouded应译为使难以……。

例4:finally, although some social science majors may still find it more difficult than their 8 trained classmates to land the first job, recent graduates report that they don't 9 their choice of study. (2004山东卷)
析:land作动词,表登陆、着陆。结合语境可知,登陆第一份工作就指找到第一份工作,因此该句land应译为“得到、找到”。

例5:how could they begin to picture modern life?
析:picture本为名词,表图画。分析语境逻辑可知,该句picture作为动词,可理解为使……出现图画,即描绘。

不少考生因不理解划线部分熟词的新含义,给全句甚至全文的理解带来很大困难。显然为了提高阅读效率,我们很有必要归纳一下熟词的新词义。

1. fire vt. 解雇
work hard or you will be fired. 努力工作,否则你将被解雇。
2. fine vt. 罚款
if you pay no attention to the red light and run across the street, you'll be fined.如果你对红灯不予理睬,强行过马路,你将被罚款。
3. fall n. 秋天
in fall all the leaves fall of themselves. 秋天所有树叶都会无风自落。
4. wind vt. 使弯曲前进  vi. 迂回,蜿蜒
the great wall of china winds its way from west to east.长城自西向东蜿蜒前进。
5. lay 下蛋,产卵
the hens lay there, laying eggs. 母鸡伏在那里下蛋。
6. spring n. 泉水,弹簧,弹力;vt. 跳跃
the spring has run dry. 这眼泉干涸了。
this is a dead spring. 这弹簧失去了弹性。
he rose with a spring. 他一跃而起。
the ball sprang back and hit him. 球弹回打在他身上。
7. mine n. 矿山;vt. 开采(矿物)
this mine will be opened. 这个矿井将被开采。
coal is mined from underground. 煤采自地下。
8. egg n. 卵
an ant starts as an egg. 蚂蚁的生命自卵开始。
9. can n. 罐头
this is a can of oranges.这是一罐头桔子。
10. bear vt. 忍受
i can't bear this pain. 我无法忍受这样的痛苦。
11. stand vt. 忍受
i can't stand 10 treated like this. 我受不了别人这么对我。
12. clear vi. 天气转晴
the sky will clear up this afternoon. 下午天将转晴。
13. cross n. 十字架
it is not right for you to wear a cross. 你戴十字架不合适。
14. cost vt. 使丧失
the storm cost the king all his ships. 这场暴风雨使国王失掉了所有船只。
15. date vi. 始于或属于(某一历史时期);n. 约会
this tower dates from / back to the 14th century. 此塔历史可追溯到十四世纪。
i will have a date with jenny tonight. 今晚我与詹妮有约会。
16. way n. 领域,场合
science can help 11 in many ways. 科学可在很多领域对农民们有帮助。
17. flat n. 一套房间
i have a flat in this building. 我在这幢楼里有一套房间。
18. gift n. 天资,才能
he has a gift for music. 他有音乐天赋。
19. good n. 好处,利益
we study for the good of the people. 我们为人民利益而学习。
20. break n. 课间/工间休息
let's have a break. 让我们休息一会儿。
21. green adj. 青的,生的
these apples are still green, you can't pick them.这些苹果还未成熟,请别摘。
22. table n. 表格
this is a railway timetable. 这是一张火车时刻表。
23. 12 vt. 撕
he 13 the letter open. 他将信撕开了。
24. china n. 瓷器
i will buy a set of china. 我要买一套瓷器。
25. interest n. 利益
i 14 you for your interest. 我批评你是为了你好。
26. 15 n. 熨斗
she is pressing her dress with an iron. 他在用熨斗烫衣服。
27. lift n. 电梯
the building is too high, please take the lift. 楼房太高了,请乘电梯。
28. must n. 必须做的事情
to learn english well is a must. 学好英语是非常必要的。
29. promise vt. 有希望
he promises to be a scientist. 他有希望成为科学家。
30. race n. 种族,人种
they are black races. 他们是黑色人种。
31. seat vt. 可容纳……,坐得下……人
our hall can seat 1 000 people. 我们的大厅可容纳1 000人。
32. second n. 秒
a minute is 16 to sixty seconds. 一分钟等于60秒。
33. sound vt. 使发出声音
if there is a fire, please sound the fire 17. 如果发生火灾,请按火警。
34. word n. 消息,情报
word comes that there will be a film this evening. 有消息说,今晚将有一场电影。
35. world n. ……界
he is very popular in the world of music. 他在音乐界颇受欢迎。
36. hold vt. 容纳,盛得下
our classroom can hold 100 students. 我们的教室可容纳100个学生。
37. run vt. 经营,开办;操作
he runs a famous school. 他开办着一所著名学校。
he is running a machine. 他正在操作一台机器。
38. excuse vt. 使免去……
excuse me from work next friday. 请同意我星期五不上班。
39. will n. 意志,决心
he has a strong will. 他有坚强的意志。
40. some adv. 大约
there are some fifty students in our class. 我们班大约有五十个学生。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 48355fccef9c8c1802283f2d98403cb6     
公民( citizen的名词复数 ); 国民; 市民; 平民
参考例句:
  • older people should not be treated as second-class citizens . 不应把老年人当二等公民对待。
  • they are treated as third-class citizens. 他们被当成三等公民对待。
2 evbzky     
n.海关,关税
参考例句:
  • the customs officials turned the man over to the french police.海关官员把那个人移交给了法国警察。
  • they are collecting customs.他们正在收缴关税。
3 i9wyp     
adj.失望的,不满意的,不如意的
参考例句:
  • he seemed disappointed when the man refused his request.当那个人拒绝了他的要求时他看起来很失望。
  • he was disappointed so often that he became hopeless.他屡次失望,以致变为了绝望。
4 frgz2j     
n.上标题,标题,起始字,方向
参考例句:
  • the heading was in large letters.标题是用大号字母印刷的。
  • he realized that he was heading in the wrong direction.他意识到走错了方向。
5 hpkzdc     
adj.大家知道的;知名的,已知的
参考例句:
  • he is a known artist.他是一个知名的艺术家。
  • he is known both as a painter and as a statesman.他是知名的画家及政治家。
6 amoy6     
n.忧虑,担心,挂念,焦急;渴望,热望
参考例句:
  • tom's anxiety to succeed led him to work hard.汤姆对成功的渴望使他更加努力。
  • he received the news of his father's sickness with great anxiety.他得知父亲生病的消息时焦急万分。
7 e3xxc     
n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见
参考例句:
  • the chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
  • he's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。
8 wqywv     
adv.专门地,技术上地
参考例句:
  • technically it is the most advanced equipment ever.从技术上说,这是最先进的设备。
  • the tomato is technically a fruit,although it is eaten as a vegetable.严格地说,西红柿是一种水果,尽管它是当作蔬菜吃的。
9 kv8xy     
n.遗憾,后悔,抱歉;v.为...感到遗憾,后悔,惋惜
参考例句:
  • don't rush into marriage,you might regret it later.不要匆匆忙忙结婚,不然你以后也许要后悔的。
  • i regret that i shall not be able to come.很遗憾,我不能来。
10 1yfzkt     
n.存在;生存;生命存在,生命,人, 本质;art.在,有,是
参考例句:
  • can you explain to me the purpose of being?你能对我解释一下存在的目的吗?
  • what is the purpose of our being?我们生存的目的是什么?
11 b852f204512c6a45a86c4f8f9055e7c2     
农民(复数)
参考例句:
  • the peasants' revolt of 1381 1381年的农民起义
  • they advised the peasants on how to use the machine. 他们指导农民如何使用这台机器。
12 kquws     
n.泪滴,眼泪;撕,扯,裂缝;激怒;飞奔;vi.流泪;撕破;赶快,飞奔
参考例句:
  • why did you tear the letter away from her hand?你为何要从她手中夺走那封信?
  • he could not tear himself from that spot.他舍不得离开那个地点。
13 hgazo6     
v.撕( tear的过去式 );(使)分裂;撕碎;扯破
参考例句:
  • i tore my jeans on the fence. 我的牛仔裤被篱笆挂破了。
  • she tore the cellophane wrapping off the box. 她把包装盒子的玻璃纸撕了下来。
14 woyzl     
vt.批评;批判,指责;评论,评价
参考例句:
  • whenever you criticize him,he always has an excuse.你批评他,他总有说头儿。
  • you are free to criticize my work.你可以随意批评我的工作。
15 rahzm     
n.铁,熨斗,坚强,烙铁,镣铐;vt.烫平,熨,用铁包;vi. 烫衣服
参考例句:
  • the iron has lost its magnetic force.这块铁已失去了磁力。
  • we need an electrician to mend the iron.我们要请电工修理熨斗。
16 nizzu     
adj.相等的;平等的;胜任的;vt.等于;比得上
参考例句:
  • men and women enjoy equal pay for equal work.男女同工同酬。
  • women in our country enjoy equal rights with men.在我国妇女享有同男子平等的权利。
17 vxtz2     
n.惊慌,恐慌;警报器;v.使……恐慌
参考例句:
  • the man on duty rang an alarm.值班员发出警报。
  • the alarm spread rapidly.警报迅速传开。
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