量子运算的离奇之处-凯发k8官网

量子运算的离奇之处
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2014-06-16 06:51 字体: [ ] 
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
a form of quantum 2 is a key ingredient for building quantum computers according to new research from a team at the university of waterloo's institute for quantum 3 (iqc). in a new study published in the journal nature, researchers have shown that a 1 aspect of quantum theory called contextuality is a necessary resource to achieve the so-called magic required for universal quantum computation.
 
one major 4 in harnessing the power of a universal quantum computer is finding practical ways to control fragile quantum states. working towards this goal, iqc researchers joseph emerson, mark howard and joel wallman have confirmed theoretically that contextuality is a necessary resource required for achieving the advantages of quantum computation.
 
"before these results, we didn't necessarily know what resources were needed for a physical device to achieve the advantage of quantum information. now we know one," said mark howard, a postdoctoral fellow at iqc and the lead author of the paper. "as researchers work to build a universal quantum computer, understanding the minimum physical resources required is an important step to finding ways to harness the power of the quantum world."
 
quantum devices are extremely difficult to build because they must operate in an environment that is noise-resistant. the term magic refers to a particular approach to building noise-resistant quantum computers known as magic-state 5. so-called magic states act as a crucial, but difficult to achieve and maintain, extra ingredient that boosts the power of a quantum device to achieve the improved processing power of a universal quantum computer.
 
by identifying these magic states as contextual, researchers will be able to clarify the trade-offs involved in different approaches to building quantum devices. the results of the study may also help design new a form of quantum weirdness is a key ingredient for building quantum computers according to new research from a team at the university of waterloo's institute for quantum computing (iqc). in a new study published in the journal nature, researchers have shown that a weird aspect of quantum theory called contextuality is a necessary resource to achieve the so-called magic required for universal quantum computation.
 
one major hurdle in harnessing the power of a universal quantum computer is finding practical ways to control fragile quantum states. working towards this goal, iqc researchers joseph emerson, mark howard and joel wallman have confirmed theoretically that contextuality is a necessary resource required for achieving the advantages of quantum computation.
 
"before these results, we didn't necessarily know what resources were needed for a physical device to achieve the advantage of quantum information. now we know one," said mark howard, a postdoctoral fellow at iqc and the lead author of the paper. "as researchers work to build a universal quantum computer, understanding the minimum physical resources required is an important step to finding ways to harness the power of the quantum world."
 
quantum devices are extremely difficult to build because they must operate in an environment that is noise-resistant. the term magic refers to a particular approach to building noise-resistant quantum computers known as magic-state distillation. so-called magic states act as a crucial, but difficult to achieve and maintain, extra ingredient that boosts the power of a quantum device to achieve the improved processing power of a universal quantum computer.
 
by identifying these magic states as contextual, researchers will be able to clarify the trade-offs involved in different approaches to building quantum devices. the results of the study may also help design new algorithms(算法) that exploit the special properties of these magic states more 6.
 
"these new results give us a deeper understanding of the nature of quantum computation. they also clarify the practical requirements for designing a realistic quantum computer," said joseph emerson, professor of 7 mathematics and canadian institute for advanced research fellow. "i expect the results will help both theorists and experimentalists find more efficient methods to overcome the limitations imposed by unavoidable sources of noise and other errors."
 
contextuality was first recognized as a feature of quantum theory almost 50 years ago. the theory showed that it was impossible to explain measurements on quantum systems in the same way as classical systems.
 
in the classical world, measurements simply reveal properties that the system had, such as colour, prior to the measurement. in the quantum world, the property that you discover through measurement is not the property that the system actually had prior to the measurement process. what you observe necessarily depends on how you carried out the observation.
 
imagine turning over a playing card. it will be either a red suit or a black suit -- a two-outcome measurement. now imagine nine playing cards laid out in a 8 with three rows and three columns. quantum mechanics predicts something that seems 9 -- there must be an even number of red cards in every row and an odd number of red cards in every column. try to draw a grid that obeys these rules and you will find it impossible. it's because quantum measurements cannot be interpreted as merely revealing a pre-existing property in the same way that 10 a card reveals a red or black suit.
 
measurement outcomes depend on all the other measurements that are performed -- the full context of the experiment.
 
contextuality means that quantum measurements can not be thought of as simply revealing some pre-existing properties of the system under study. that's part of the weirdness of quantum mechanics. that exploit the special properties of these magic states more fully.
 
"these new results give us a deeper understanding of the nature of quantum computation. they also clarify the practical requirements for designing a realistic quantum computer," said joseph emerson, professor of applied mathematics and canadian institute for advanced research fellow. "i expect the results will help both theorists and experimentalists find more efficient methods to overcome the limitations imposed by unavoidable sources of noise and other errors."
 
contextuality was first recognized as a feature of quantum theory almost 50 years ago. the theory showed that it was impossible to explain measurements on quantum systems in the same way as classical systems.
 
in the classical world, measurements simply reveal properties that the system had, such as colour, prior to the measurement. in the quantum world, the property that you discover through measurement is not the property that the system actually had prior to the measurement process. what you observe necessarily depends on how you carried out the observation.
 
imagine turning over a playing card. it will be either a red suit or a black suit -- a two-outcome measurement. now imagine nine playing cards laid out in a grid with three rows and three columns. quantum mechanics predicts something that seems contradictory -- there must be an even number of red cards in every row and an odd number of red cards in every column. try to draw a grid that obeys these rules and you will find it impossible. it's because quantum measurements cannot be interpreted as merely revealing a pre-existing property in the same way that flipping a card reveals a red or black suit.
 
measurement outcomes depend on all the other measurements that are performed -- the full context of the experiment.
 
contextuality means that quantum measurements can not be thought of as simply revealing some pre-existing properties of the system under study. that's part of the weirdness of quantum mechanics.


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 bghw8     
adj.古怪的,离奇的;怪诞的,神秘而可怕的
参考例句:
  • from his weird behaviour,he seems a bit of an oddity.从他不寻常的行为看来,他好像有点怪。
  • his weird clothes really gas me.他的怪衣裳简直笑死人。
2 52f61ae314ff984344d402963b23d61f     
n.古怪,离奇,不可思议
参考例句:
  • the weirdness of the city by night held her attention. 夜间城市的古怪景象吸引了她的注意力。
  • but that's not the end of the weirdness feasible in evolutionary systems. 然而这还不是进化系统居然可行的最怪异的地方呐。
3 tvbzxs     
n.计算
参考例句:
  • to work in computing 从事信息处理
  • back in the dark ages of computing, in about 1980, they started a software company. 早在计算机尚未普及的时代(约1980年),他们就创办了软件公司。
4 t5yyu     
n.跳栏,栏架;障碍,困难;vi.进行跨栏赛
参考例句:
  • the weather will be the biggest hurdle so i have to be ready.天气将会是最大的障碍,所以我必须要作好准备。
  • she clocked 11.6 seconds for the 80 metre hurdle.八十米跳栏赛跑她跑了十一秒六。
5 vsexs     
n.蒸馏,蒸馏法
参考例句:
  • the discovery of distillation is usually accredited to the arabs of the 11th century.通常认为,蒸馏法是阿拉伯人在11世纪发明的。
  • the oil is distilled from the berries of this small tree.油是从这种小树的浆果中提炼出来的。
6 gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • the doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • they soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
7 tz2zxa     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • she plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • this cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
8 5rpzpk     
n.高压输电线路网;地图坐标方格;格栅
参考例句:
  • in this application,the carrier is used to encapsulate the grid.在这种情况下,要用载体把格栅密封起来。
  • modern gauges consist of metal foil in the form of a grid.现代应变仪则由网格形式的金属片组成。
9 vpazv     
adj.反驳的,反对的,抗辩的;n.正反对,矛盾对立
参考例句:
  • the argument is internally contradictory.论据本身自相矛盾。
  • what he said was self-contradictory.他讲话前后不符。
10 b69cb8e0c44ab7550c47eaf7c01557e4     
讨厌之极的
参考例句:
  • i hate this flipping hotel! 我讨厌这个该死的旅馆!
  • don't go flipping your lid. 别发火。
上一篇: 下一篇:
tag标签: computer quantum
发表评论
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
评价:
表情:
验证码:点击我更换图片
最新评论
网站地图