火山喷发与寒冷天气的关系-凯发k8官网

火山喷发与寒冷天气的关系
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2013-06-06 08:19 字体: [ ] 
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
medieval chronicles have given an international group of researchers a glimpse into the past to assess how historical 1 3 4 the weather in ireland up to 1500 years ago. by critically assessing over 40,000 written entries in the irish annals and comparing them with measurements taken from ice cores, the researchers successfully linked the climatic aftermath of volcanic eruptions to extreme cold weather events in ireland over a 1200-year period from 431 to 1649.
 
their study, which has been published today, 6 june, in iop publishing's journal environmental research letters, showed that over this timescale up to 48 explosive volcanic eruptions could be identified in the greenland ice sheet project (gisp2) ice-core, which records the 5(沉积物) of volcanic sulfate in annual layers of ice.
 
of these 48 volcanic events, 38 were associated, closely in time, with 37 extreme cold events, which were identified by 7 examining written entries in the irish annals and picking out directly observed meteorological 8 and conditions, such as heavy snowfall and frost, prolonged ice covering lakes and rivers, and contemporary descriptions of abnormally cold weather.
 
lead author of the study, dr francis ludlow, from the harvard university center for the environment and department of history, said: "it's clear that the scribes of the irish annals were 9 reporters of severe cold weather, most probably because of the negative impacts this had on society and the 10.
 
"our major result is that explosive volcanic eruptions are strongly, and 11, 12 in the occurrence of cold weather events over this long timescale in ireland. in their severity, these events are quite rare for the country's mild 13 climate."
 
through the injection of sulphur dioxide gas into the stratosphere, volcanic eruptions can play a significant role in the regulation of the earth's climate. sulphur dioxide gas is converted into sulphate(硫酸盐) 14 particles after eruptions which reflect incoming sunlight and result in an overall temporary cooling of the earth's surface.
 
whilst the global effects of recent eruptions are quite well-known, such as the mount pinatubo 2 almost 22 years ago (15 june 1991), less is known about their effects on climate before the beginning of instrumental weather 15, or their effects on regional scales; the irish annals provided an opportunity to explore both of these issues.
 
the irish annals contain over one million written words and around 40,000 distinct written entries, detailing major historical events on an annual basis, and providing both 6 and sustained reporting of meteorological extremes.


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1 blgzq     
adj.火山的;象火山的;由火山引起的
参考例句:
  • there have been several volcanic eruptions this year.今年火山爆发了好几次。
  • volcanic activity has created thermal springs and boiling mud pools.火山活动产生了温泉和沸腾的泥浆池。
2 uomxv     
n.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发;(疾病等)发作
参考例句:
  • the temple was destroyed in the violent eruption of 1470 bc.庙宇在公元前1470年猛烈的火山爆发中摧毁了。
  • the eruption of a volcano is spontaneous.火山的爆发是自发的。
3 ca60b8eba3620efa5cdd7044f6dd0b66     
n.喷发,爆发( eruption的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • there have been several volcanic eruptions this year. 今年火山爆发了好几次。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • over 200 people have been killed by volcanic eruptions. 火山喷发已导致200多人丧生。 来自辞典例句
4 tzuzg0     
adj.不自然的,假装的
参考例句:
  • she showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • his manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
5 mwox4     
n.免职,罢官;作证;沉淀;沉淀物
参考例句:
  • it was this issue which led to the deposition of the king.正是这件事导致了国王被废黜。
  • this leads to calcium deposition in the blood-vessels.这导致钙在血管中沉积。
6 sqmwo     
adj.有系统的,有计划的,有方法的
参考例句:
  • the way he works isn't very systematic.他的工作不是很有条理。
  • the teacher made a systematic work of teaching.这个教师进行系统的教学工作。
7 7qhwn     
adv.有系统地
参考例句:
  • this government has systematically run down public services since it took office.这一屆政府自上台以来系统地削减了公共服务。
  • the rainforest is being systematically destroyed.雨林正被系统地毀灭。
8 8n9xp     
n.现象
参考例句:
  • ade couldn't relate the phenomena with any theory he knew.艾德无法用他所知道的任何理论来解释这种现象。
  • the object of these experiments was to find the connection,if any,between the two phenomena.这些实验的目的就是探索这两种现象之间的联系,如果存在着任何联系的话。
9 al6ze     
adj.勤勉的,勤奋的
参考例句:
  • he is the more diligent of the two boys.他是这两个男孩中较用功的一个。
  • she is diligent and keeps herself busy all the time.她真勤快,一会儿也不闲着。
10 5ryyu     
n.生命层,生物圈
参考例句:
  • the entire biosphere was becoming more transparent.整个生物圈越来越透明。
  • the impact of modern technology on the biosphere is evident worldwide.现代技术对生物圈的影响在全世界是明显的。
11 mlzztp     
ad.坚持地;固执地
参考例句:
  • he persistently asserted his right to a share in the heritage. 他始终声称他有分享那笔遗产的权利。
  • she persistently asserted her opinions. 她果断地说出了自己的意见。
12 8443a53107b44913ed0a3f12cadfa423     
adj.密切关联的;牵涉其中的
参考例句:
  • these groups are very strongly implicated in the violence. 这些组织与这起暴力事件有着极大的关联。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • having the stolen goods in his possession implicated him in the robbery. 因藏有赃物使他涉有偷盗的嫌疑。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
13 62yya     
adj.海的,海事的,航海的,近海的,沿海的
参考例句:
  • many maritime people are fishermen.许多居于海滨的人是渔夫。
  • the temperature change in winter is less in maritime areas.冬季沿海的温差较小。
14 wfayf     
n.悬浮尘粒,气溶胶,烟雾剂,喷雾器
参考例句:
  • they sprayed aerosol insect repellent into the faces of police.他们将喷雾驱虫剂喷在了警察的脸上。
  • aerosol particles affect visibility,climate,and our health and quality of life.气溶胶对大气能见度、气候变化以及人类健康等有重要影响。
15 uktzjj     
n.录音,记录
参考例句:
  • how long will the recording of the song take?录下这首歌得花多少时间?
  • i want to play you a recording of the rehearsal.我想给你放一下彩排的录像。
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