a team of virginia tech researchers has succeeded in transforming
cellulose（纤维素） into
1（淀粉）, a process that has the potential to provide a
2 untapped
3 source from plants not traditionally though of as food crops. y.h. percival zhang, an associate professor of biological systems engineering in the college of agriculture and life sciences and the college of engineering, led a team of researchers in the project that could help feed a growing global population that is estimated to
4 to 9 billion by 2050. starch is one of the most important
5 of the human diet and provides 20-40 percent of our daily caloric
6.
the research was published this week in the early edition of the
7 of the national academy of sciences.
cellulose is the supporting material in plant cell walls and is the most common
8（碳水化合物） on earth. this new development opens the door to the potential that food could be created from any plant, reducing the need for crops to be grown on valuable land that requires fertilizers,
9, and large amounts of water. the type of starch that zhang's team produced is amylose, a linear
10 starch that is not broken down in the
11 process and acts as a good source of dietary
12. it has been proven to decrease the risk of
13 and
14.
this discovery holds promise on many fronts beyond food systems.
"besides serving as a food source, the starch can be used in the manufacture of
15, clear films for biodegradable food packaging," zhang said. "it can even serve as a high-density hydrogen storage carrier that could solve problems related to hydrogen storage and distribution."
zhang used a novel process involving
16 18 to transform cellulose into amylose starch.
"cellulose and starch have the same chemical formula," zhang said. "the difference is in their chemical
19. our idea is to use an
17 20 to break up the bonds in cellulose, enabling their reconfiguration as starch."
the new approach takes cellulose from non-food plant material, such as corn stover, converts about 30% to amylose, and hydrolyzes the remainder to
21 suitable for ethanol production. corn stover consists of the stem, leaves, and husk of the corn plant remaining after ears of corn are harvested. however, the process works with cellulose from any plant.
this bioprocess called "simultaneous
22 biotransformation and microbial
fermentation（发酵）" is easy to scale up for commercial production. it is environmentally friendly because it does not require expensive equipment, heat, or chemical reagents, and does not generate any waste. the key enzymes immobilized on the magnetic nanoparticles can easily be recycled using a magnetic force.
收听单词发音 
