乌鸦应对威胁的反应与人类相同-凯发k8官网

乌鸦应对威胁的反应与人类相同
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2012-09-12 06:19 字体: [ ] 
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
cross a crow(乌鸦) and it'll remember you for years. crows and humans share the ability to recognize faces and associate them with negative, as well as positive, feelings. the way the brain 1 during that process is something the two species also appear to share, according to new research being published this week.
 
"the regions of the crow brain that work together are not unlike those that work together in mammals, including humans," said john marzluff, university of washington professor of environmental and forest sciences. "these regions were suspected to work in birds but not documented until now.
 
"for example it appears that birds have a region of their brain that is 2(类似的) to the amygdala(杏仁核) of mammals," he said. "the amygdala is the region of the vertebrate brain where negative associations are stored as memories. previous work primarily concerned its function in mammals while our work shows that a similar system is at work in birds. our approach could be used in other animals -- such as 3 and frogs -- to see if the process is similar in those vertebrates(脊椎动物) as well."
 
marzluff is the lead author of a paper being published the week of sept. 10 in the online edition of the 4 of the national academy of sciences.
 
previous research on the 5 circuitry of animal behavior has been conducted using well-studied, often 6, species like rats, chickens, zebra finches, pigeons and rhesus macaques -- and not wild animals like the 12 adult male crows in this study.
 
the crows were captured by 7 all wearing masks that the researchers referred to as the threatening face. the crows were never treated in a threatening way, but the fact they'd been captured created a negative association with the mask they saw. then for the four weeks they were in 8, they were fed by people wearing a mask different from the first, this one called the caring face. the masks were based on actual people's faces and both bore neutral expressions so the associations made by the crows was based on their treatment.
 
in most previous neurological studies of animals, the work usually starts by 9 the animals, marzluff said. instead the approach developed by the uw involved injecting a 10 fluid commonly used in brain imaging into the bodies of 11 alert crows that then went back to moving freely about their cages. the fluid flooded to the parts of the crow brains that were most active as they were exposed for about 15 minutes to someone wearing either the threatening or caring mask.
 
then the birds were 12 and scans made of their brains. all the birds were returned to the wild once all the work was completed.


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 78ec2b8b23e0120508757d953f1013d1     
使活动,起动,触发( activate的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • activates the window and displays it in its current size and position. 激活窗口,保持当前的大小及位置不变。
  • pulling out the alarm switch activates alarm and pushing it deactivates it. 闹钟的开和关是通过拔出和按入闹铃开关实现的。
2 aldyq     
adj.相似的;类似的
参考例句:
  • the two situations are roughly analogous.两种情況大致相似。
  • the company is in a position closely analogous to that of its main rival.该公司与主要竞争对手的处境极为相似。
3 9e3fa64f20794483b9c33d06297dcbfb     
n.蜥蜴( lizard的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • nothing lives in pompeii except crickets and beetles and lizards. 在庞培城里除了蟋蟀、甲壳虫和蜥蜴外,没有别的生物。 来自辞典例句
  • can lizards reproduce their tails? 蜥蜴的尾巴断了以后能再生吗? 来自辞典例句
4 wk2zvx     
n.进程,过程,议程;诉讼(程序);公报
参考例句:
  • he was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
  • to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼
5 dnxzft     
adj.神经的,神经系统的
参考例句:
  • the neural network can preferably solve the non- linear problem.利用神经网络建模可以较好地解决非线性问题。
  • the information transmission in neural system depends on neurotransmitters.信息传递的神经途径有赖于神经递质。
6 lu2zbm     
adj.喜欢家庭生活的;(指动物)被驯养了的v.驯化( domesticate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • he is thoroughly domesticated and cooks a delicious chicken casserole. 他精于家务,烹制的砂锅炖小鸡非常可口。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • the donkey is a domesticated form of the african wild ass. 驴是非洲野驴的一种已驯化的品种。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 e970f9140785518a87fc81641b7c89f7     
n.调查者,审查者( investigator的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • this memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
  • the team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》
8 qrjzv     
n.囚禁;被俘;束缚
参考例句:
  • a zoo is a place where live animals are kept in captivity for the public to see.动物园是圈养动物以供公众观看的场所。
  • he was held in captivity for three years.他被囚禁叁年。
9 6cc83bbc69cf9a20cc6ca80dbde79277     
v.使昏昏入睡,使镇静( sedate的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • but on the down slope, as the alcohol is metabolized, its effects are more sedating. 但对于下降倾斜率来说,虽然酒精能促使新陈代谢,它的作用却更和缓。 来自互联网
10 fyiyz     
n.葡萄糖
参考例句:
  • i gave him an extra dose of glucose to pep him up.我给他多注射了一剂葡萄糖以增强他的活力。
  • the doctor injected glucose into his patient's veins.医生将葡萄糖注入病人的静脉。
11 gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • the doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • they soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
12 sedated     
v.使昏昏入睡,使镇静( sedate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • she's sedated,but she's probably scared out of her mind. 她很安静,但是她可能已经吓疯了。 来自电影对白
  • are you telling me the porn actually sedated you? 你是要告诉我,那毛片的确让你镇静下来吗? 来自电影对白
上一篇: 下一篇:
tag标签: brain crow humans
发表评论
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
评价:
表情:
验证码:点击我更换图片
最新评论
网站地图