科学家在陨星中发现原始矿物-凯发k8官网

科学家在陨星中发现原始矿物
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2012-06-27 05:22 字体: [ ] 
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in 1969, an exploding fireball tore through the sky over mexico, 1 thousands of pieces of 2(陨星) across the state of chihuahua. more than 40 years later, the allende meteorite is still serving the scientific community as a rich source of information about the early stages of our solar system's evolution. recently, scientists from the california institute of technology (caltech) discovered a new mineral 3 in the space rock -- one they believe to be among the oldest minerals formed in the solar system. 4 panguite, the new titanium 5 is named after pan gu, the giant from ancient chinese 6 who established the world by separating yin from yang to create the earth and the sky. the mineral and the mineral name have been approved by the international mineralogical association's commission on new minerals, nomenclature and classification. a paper outlining the discovery and the properties of this new mineral will be published in the july issue of the journal american mineralogist, and is available online now.

"panguite is an especially exciting discovery since it is not only a new mineral, but also a material 7 unknown to science," says chi ma, a senior scientist and director of the geological and planetary sciences division's 8 facility at caltech and corresponding author on the paper.

the allende meteorite is the largest carbonaceous chondrite -- a diverse class of 9 10 -- ever found on our planet and is considered by many the best-studied meteorite in history. as a result of an 11 nanomineralogy 12 of primitive meteorites -- which ma has been leading since 2007 -- nine new minerals, including panguite, have been found in the allende meteorite. some of those new finds include the minerals allendeite, hexamolybdenum, tistarite, and kangite. nanomineralogy looks at tiny particles of minerals and the 13 features within those minerals.

"the intensive studies of objects in this meteorite have had a tremendous influence on current thinking about processes, 14, and chemistry in the primitive solar 15 and small planetary bodies," says coauthor george rossman, the eleanor and john r. mcmillan professor of mineralogy at caltech.

panguite was observed first under a scanning electron microscope in an ultra-16 inclusion embedded in the meteorite. refractory inclusions are among the first solid objects formed in our solar system, dating back to before the formation of earth and the other planets. "refractory" refers to the fact that these inclusions(包含) contain minerals that are stable at high temperatures and in extreme environments, which 17 to their likely formation as primitive, high-temperature liquids produced by the solar nebula.

according to ma, studies of panguite and other newly discovered refractory minerals are continuing in an effort to learn more about the conditions under which they formed and subsequently evolved. "such 18 are essential to understand the origins of our solar system," he says.

additional authors on the american mineralogist paper, "panguite, (ti4 ,sc,al,mg,zr,ca)1.8o3, a new ultra-refractory titania mineral from the allende meteorite: synchrotron micro-diffraction and ebsd," are john r. beckett, senior research scientist at caltech; oliver tschauner from the university of nevada-las vegas; and wenjun liu from the argonne national laboratory. the study was supported through grants from the national science foundation, the u.s. department of energy, and nasa's office of space science.



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 91b52389e84f945a976e96cd577a4e0c     
n.[物]散射;散乱,分散;在媒介质中的散播adj.散乱的;分散在不同范围的;广泛扩散的;(选票)数量分散的v.散射(scatter的ing形式);散布;驱散
参考例句:
  • the child felle into a rage and began scattering its toys about. 这孩子突发狂怒,把玩具扔得满地都是。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • the farmers are scattering seed. 农夫们在播种。 来自《简明英汉词典》
2 2wny1     
n.陨石;流星
参考例句:
  • the meteorite in jilin exhibition hall is believed to be the largest in the world.吉林展览馆的陨石被认为是世界上最大的。
  • the famous murchison meteorite smashed into the australian ground in 1969.1969年著名的默奇森陨石轰然坠落在澳大利亚。
3 lt9zts     
a.扎牢的
参考例句:
  • an operation to remove glass that was embedded in his leg 取出扎入他腿部玻璃的手术
  • he has embedded his name in the minds of millions of people. 他的名字铭刻在数百万人民心中。
4 dubbed     
v.给…起绰号( dub的过去式和过去分词 );把…称为;配音;复制
参考例句:
  • mathematics was once dubbed the handmaiden of the sciences. 数学曾一度被视为各门科学的基础。
  • is the movie dubbed or does it have subtitles? 这部电影是配音的还是打字幕的? 来自《简明英汉词典》
5 k4dz8     
n.氧化物
参考例句:
  • oxide is usually seen in our daily life.在我们的日常生活中氧化物很常见。
  • how can you get rid of this oxide coating?你们该怎样除去这些氧化皮?
6 i6zzv     
n.神话,神话学,神话集
参考例句:
  • in greek mythology,zeus was the ruler of gods and men.在希腊神话中,宙斯是众神和人类的统治者。
  • he is the hero of greek mythology.他是希腊民间传说中的英雄。
7 bkzzzc     
adv.以前,先前(地)
参考例句:
  • the bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
  • let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿,解释原先发生了什么。
8 llmys     
adj.分析的;用分析法的
参考例句:
  • i have an analytical approach to every survey.对每项调查我都采用分析方法。
  • as a result,analytical data obtained by analysts were often in disagreement.结果各个分析家所得的分析数据常常不一致。
9 vswz0     
adj.原始的;简单的;n.原(始)人,原始事物
参考例句:
  • it is a primitive instinct to flee a place of danger.逃离危险的地方是一种原始本能。
  • his book describes the march of the civilization of a primitive society.他的著作描述了一个原始社会的开化过程。
10 12efd1ed528a28fe1f7cb667a7fbc1e0     
n.陨星( meteorite的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • small meteorites have left impact craters all over the planet's surface. 这个行星的表面布满了小块陨石留下的撞击坑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • one theory about the existence of extraterrestrial life rests on the presence of carbon compounds in meteorites. 地球外存在生命的理论是基于陨星上存在碳化合物质这一事实的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
11 6rvzt     
adj.进行中的,前进的
参考例句:
  • the problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
  • the issues raised in the report relate directly to age concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。
12 mrkzq     
n.调查,调查研究
参考例句:
  • in an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
  • he drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。
13 v76zs     
adj.非常小的;极不重要的
参考例句:
  • the human race only a minuscule portion of the earth's history.人类只有占有极小部分地球历史。
  • as things stand,hong kong's renminbi banking system is minuscule.就目前的情况而言,香港的人民币银行体系可谓微不足道。
14 rguzgc     
n.时间安排,时间选择
参考例句:
  • the timing of the meeting is not convenient.会议的时间安排不合适。
  • the timing of our statement is very opportune.我们发表声明选择的时机很恰当。
15 e55zw     
n.星云,喷雾剂
参考例句:
  • a powerful telescope can resolve a nebula into stars.一架高性能的望远镜能从星云中分辨出星球来。
  • a nebula is really a discrete mass of innumerous stars.一团星云实际上是无数星体不连续的集合体。
16 gcoyk     
adj.倔强的,难驾驭的
参考例句:
  • he is a very refractory child.他是一个很倔强的孩子。
  • silicate minerals are characteristically refractory and difficult to break down.硅酸盐矿物的特点是耐熔和难以分离。
17 1ffd6f5b542532611f35e5bc3c2d2185     
v.证明( attest的第三人称单数 );证实;声称…属实;使宣誓
参考例句:
  • the child's good health attests his mother's care. 这孩子健康的身体证实他母亲照料周到。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • the boy's good health attests to his mother's care. 这个男孩的良好健康就是他母亲细心照顾的明证。 来自辞典例句
18 02de25420938593f7db7bd4052010b32     
(正式的)调查( investigation的名词复数 ); 侦查; 科学研究; 学术研究
参考例句:
  • his investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查,但没有发现什么。
  • he often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。
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