爱尔兰野生动物面临外来物种巨大威胁-凯发k8官网

爱尔兰野生动物面临外来物种巨大威胁
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2012-02-22 02:43 字体: [ ] 
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

some of ireland's oldest inhabitants are facing serious threat and possible 1 because of foreign species, according to researchers at queen's university. the red squirrel, irish hare and red deer are just some of ireland's 2(本土的) species which are under threat as a result of the introduction of foreign species. a new study which took place over the last two years looked at the impact of two introduced species -- the bank vole(野鼠) and greater white toothed shrew -- on two native small mammals, the wood mouse and the pygmy(矮小的) shrew. if the rate of invasion continues as at present throughout the island of ireland, its native small mammals will die out in at least 80 per cent of their available habitat.

the study, published in the international journal biological invasions, found that in the recent past the pygmy shrew has completely vanished in parts of ireland where both invasive small mammals are found. wood mouse numbers have decreased by more than 50 per cent in areas where the bank vole is longest established.

small mammals occupy central positions in food webs, so major changes in species composition which are already occurring, will have both top-down and bottom-up effects in the 3 affecting bird and mammal 4 as well as the 5, seeds and 6 that small 7(啮齿动物) and insectivores feed on.

professor ian montgomery, lead researcher from the school of biological sciences at queen's university, said: "the introduction of alien mammals to ireland over the last 100 years has had major 8 effects, threatening our indigenous habitats and species. the american grey squirrel, for example, passes a deadly virus to native red squirrels, whilst european hares threaten the 9 and 10 integrity of the native irish hare through competition and interbreeding(杂种繁殖) .

"governments, both north and south of the border, are urged to work together to address the overall problem of invasive mammals throughout ireland, and ensure that we understand both the 11 of invasion and the impacts of these aliens. it is no longer tenable to treat each invasive species as an 12 case. we should establish a realistic plan identifying the mammal species that are key to maintaining our unique biodiversity and ecology and those that we should eliminate or control."

the new study is the first of its kind to 13 analyse the 14 effects(累积效应) of invasive mammal species on indigenous species. such a process is known as 'invasional meltdown'.



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1 spwzp     
n.熄灭,消亡,消灭,灭绝,绝种
参考例句:
  • the plant is now in danger of extinction.这种植物现在有绝种的危险。
  • the island's way of life is doomed to extinction.这个岛上的生活方式注定要消失。
2 ybbzt     
adj.土产的,土生土长的,本地的
参考例句:
  • each country has its own indigenous cultural tradition.每个国家都有自己本土的文化传统。
  • indians were the indigenous inhabitants of america.印第安人是美洲的土著居民。
3 wq4xz     
n.生态系统
参考例句:
  • this destroyed the ecosystem of the island.这样破坏了岛上的生态系统。
  • we all have an interest in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.维持生态系统的完整是我们共同的利益。
4 48b965855934a5395e409c1112d94f63     
n.食肉动物( predator的名词复数 );奴役他人者(尤指在财务或性关系方面)
参考例句:
  • birds and their earthbound predators 鸟和地面上捕食它们的动物
  • the eyes of predators are highly sensitive to the slightest movement. 捕食性动物的眼睛能感觉到最细小的动静。 来自《简明英汉词典》
5 7e45dc289993d00de9b9f14a70e51319     
n.无脊椎动物( invertebrate的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • insects and worms are all invertebrates. 昆虫和蠕虫都是无脊椎动物。 来自辞典例句
  • in the earthworm and many other invertebrates, these excretory structures are called nephridia. 在蚯蚓和许多其它无脊椎动物中,这些排泄结构称为肾管。 来自辞典例句
6 gzyxq     
n.秧苗,树苗
参考例句:
  • she cut down the seedling with one chop.她一刀就把小苗砍倒了。
  • the seedling are coming up full and green.苗长得茁壮碧绿。
7 1ff5f0f12f2930e77fb620b1471a2124     
n.啮齿目动物( rodent的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • rodents carry diseases and are generally regarded as pests. 啮齿目动物传播疾病,常被当作害虫对待。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • some wild rodents in africa also harbor the virus. 在非洲,有些野生啮齿动物也是储毒者。 来自辞典例句
8 1l2zx     
adj.损害的,造成伤害的
参考例句:
  • we know that heat treatment is detrimental to milk.我们知道加热对牛奶是不利的。
  • he wouldn't accept that smoking was detrimental to health.他不相信吸烟有害健康。
9 irrxx     
adj.生态的,生态学的
参考例句:
  • the region has been declared an ecological disaster zone.这个地区已经宣布为生态灾难区。
  • each animal has its ecological niche.每种动物都有自己的生态位.
10 pgixp     
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
参考例句:
  • it's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
11 d0db71d70348ef1c49f05f59097917b8     
n.机械( mechanism的名词复数 );机械装置;[生物学] 机制;机械作用
参考例句:
  • the research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms. 这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • he explained how the two mechanisms worked. 他解释这两台机械装置是如何工作的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
12 bqmztd     
adj.与世隔绝的
参考例句:
  • his bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
  • patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。
13 7qhwn     
adv.有系统地
参考例句:
  • this government has systematically run down public services since it took office.这一屆政府自上台以来系统地削减了公共服务。
  • the rainforest is being systematically destroyed.雨林正被系统地毀灭。
14 lyyxo     
adj.累积的,渐增的
参考例句:
  • this drug has a cumulative effect.这种药有渐增的效力。
  • the benefits from eating fish are cumulative.吃鱼的好处要长期才能显现。
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