揭开软组织肉瘤的基因分子之谜-凯发k8官网

揭开软组织肉瘤的基因分子之谜
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2011-12-01 05:18 字体: [ ] 
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scientists at joslin 1 center in boston have uncovered important 2 and 4 keys to the development of soft-tissue sarcomas(肉瘤) in skeletal(骨骼的) muscle, giving researchers and clinicians additional targets to stop the growth of these often deadly tumors. published in the 6 of the national academy of sciences, the study identified two major molecular signaling pathways (the ras and mtor pathways) that are common in 5 growth and development. these molecular pathways regulate cell growth and division, two 7 properties whose over-activation are hallmarks(特点,品质证明) of cancer biology.

"in humans, some sarcomas respond to chemotherapy, says lead author amy j. 8, phd, an associate professor of stem cell and regenerative biology at harvard medical school and joslin diabetes center, "but many don't. with these findings, we have 9 a list of new candidate targets whose inhibition may lead to regression of these tumors."

many soft-tissue sarcomas, which develop in certain tissues such as bone and muscle, carry specific genetic mutations or unique 3 signatures, which can allow scientists to develop more precise, targeted therapies. wagers and her colleagues engineered a tumor system in mice by introducing into mouse skeletal muscle a cancer-carrying gene, or oncogene(致癌基因) , known to cause tumors in humans. they used this engineered system to identify a small set of 10 that are active in sarcoma tumors.

there are many different types of soft-tissue sarcomas, which develop in tissues that connect, support or surround other structures and organs, including muscle, tendons(肌腱) , nerves, fat and blood 11. if diagnosed early, treatment, primarily through 12 removal of the tumor, radiation therapy or chemotherapy, can be effective. if the tumor has spread, however, the tumor can be controlled only for a period of time, but treatment does not often cure the disease.

by inducing these tumors in mice, wagers says the scientists knew when the tumors would form in the mice and where in the body they would develop, which helped them better understand the molecular and genetic pathways 13 the disease. with this knowledge, researchers may be able to develop new 14 strategies that 15 with these genetic activities and stop the growth of this type of tumor.

"with the engineered system we developed, we can find new fragile points in the tumor to target," says first author simone hettmer, md, a pediatric(小儿科的) oncologist at the dana-farber/children's hospital cancer center, who treats children with these tumors. in addition, she adds, the system allows scientists to look at the genetic changes in sarcomas and how they interact with the development of tumors and can be 16 to sarcomas in tissues other than skeletal muscle.



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1 upnzu     
n.糖尿病
参考例句:
  • in case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者,医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
  • diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
2 me9xh     
adj.分子的;克分子的
参考例句:
  • the research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms.这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。
  • for the pressure to become zero, molecular bombardment must cease.当压强趋近于零时,分子的碰撞就停止了。
3 wgkxx     
n.遗传因子,基因
参考例句:
  • a single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
  • the targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。
4 pgixp     
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
参考例句:
  • it's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
5 fkxzm     
n.(肿)瘤,肿块(英)tumour
参考例句:
  • he was died of a malignant tumor.他死于恶性肿瘤。
  • the surgeons irradiated the tumor.外科医生用x射线照射那个肿瘤。
6 wk2zvx     
n.进程,过程,议程;诉讼(程序);公报
参考例句:
  • he was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
  • to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼
7 au1yo     
adj.移动的;细胞的,由细胞组成的
参考例句:
  • she has a cellular telephone in her car.她的汽车里有一部无线通讯电话机。
  • many people use cellular materials as sensitive elements in hygrometers.很多人用蜂窝状的材料作为测量温度的传感元件。
8 fd8d7be05e24c7e861bc9a2991bb758c     
n.赌注,用钱打赌( wager的名词复数 )v.在(某物)上赌钱,打赌( wager的第三人称单数 );保证,担保
参考例句:
  • he wagers $100 on the result of the election. 他用100美元来对选举结果打赌。 来自互联网
  • he often wagers money on horses. 他时常在马身上赌钱。 来自互联网
9 c6c2d39ddfb9a855b4c87b24b49b3d60     
v.审查(某人过去的记录、资格等)( vet的过去式和过去分词 );调查;检查;诊疗
参考例句:
  • the recruits were thoroughly vetted before they were allowed into the secret service. 情报机关招募的新成员要经过严格的审查。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • all staff are vetted for links with extremist groups before being employed. 所有职员录用前均须审查是否与极端分子团体有关。 来自辞典例句
10 01914f8eac35d7e14afa065217edd8c0     
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • you have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
11 fc9307c2593b522954eadb3ee6c57480     
n.血管( vessel的名词复数 );船;容器;(具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的)人
参考例句:
  • the river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • all modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
12 0hxzv3     
adj.外科的,外科医生的,手术上的
参考例句:
  • he performs the surgical operations at the red cross hospital.他在红十字会医院做外科手术。
  • all surgical instruments must be sterilised before use.所有的外科手术器械在使用之前,必须消毒。
13 5fyz8c     
adj.在下面的,含蓄的,潜在的
参考例句:
  • the underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
  • this word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。
14 e5sxz     
n.介入,干涉,干预
参考例句:
  • the government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
  • many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。
15 b5lx0     
v.(in)干涉,干预;(with)妨碍,打扰
参考例句:
  • if we interfere, it may do more harm than good.如果我们干预的话,可能弊多利少。
  • when others interfere in the affair,it always makes troubles. 别人一卷入这一事件,棘手的事情就来了。
16 tz2zxa     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • she plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • this cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
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