薄荷卷烟与普通香烟一样有害-凯发k8官网

薄荷卷烟与普通香烟一样有害
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2011-03-24 03:05 字体: [ ] 
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1 of mentholated(含薄荷醇的) cigarettes are no more likely to develop lung cancer than other smokers, according to a new, very large, 2 study of black and white smokers published online march 23 in the journal of the national cancer institute. in fact, contrary to a popular hypothesis, menthol smokers in this study had a somewhat lower risk of developing and dying from lung cancer than non-menthol smokers. lung cancer rates are higher among blacks than whites, and use of mentholated cigarettes, also higher among blacks, has been suggested as a possible explanation. some studies have raised the possibility that menthol influences smoking behavior, causing deeper inhalation for instance, or that it increases dependency or affects the biology of the lung. others have suggested that menthol makes it harder to quit smoking.

to explore these issues, william j. 3, ph.d., of the vanderbilt-ingram cancer center in nashville, tenn., and the international epidemiology institute, rockville, md., and colleagues conducted a prospective study among 85,806 people 4 in the southern community cohort study, an 5 multiracial(多民族的) study in 12 southern states. within this cohort, they identified 440 lung cancer patients and compared them with 2,213 matched controls (other people in the study with the same demographics(人口统计资料) , such as race, age, and sex, but without lung cancer).

they found that menthol cigarettes were associated with a lower lung cancer incidence and fewer lung cancer deaths than regular cigarettes. for instance among people smoking 20 or more cigarettes a day, menthol smokers were about 12 times more likely to have lung cancer than never-smokers while non-menthol smokers were about 21 times more likely to have the disease. the differences were 6 significant.

the researchers also collected information on smoking behavior, including quitting smoking, among 12,373 participants who smoked and who responded to a follow-up questionnaire. among both blacks and whites, menthol smokers reported smoking fewer cigarettes per day than non-menthol smokers. after an average 4.3 years of follow up, 21% of those who smoked at the beginning of the study had quit; the quit rate was about the same for menthol and non-menthol smokers.

the authors conclude that mentholated cigarettes are no more, and perhaps less, harmful than non-mentholated cigarettes. they note that the findings are timely, as the u.s. food and drug administration is now considering whether to ban or regulate mentholated cigarettes.

"cigarette smoking 7 the leading cause of 8 death in the united states, but 9(过度的) emphasis on reduction of menthol relative to other cigarettes may distract from the ultimate health prevention message that smoking of any cigarettes is injurious(有害的) to health," they write.



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1 d3e72c6ca3bac844ba5aa381bd66edba     
吸烟者( smoker的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • many smokers who are chemically addicted to nicotine cannot cut down easily. 许多有尼古丁瘾的抽烟人不容易把烟戒掉。
  • chain smokers don't care about the dangers of smoking. 烟鬼似乎不在乎吸烟带来的种种危害。
2 or7xb     
adj.预期的,未来的,前瞻性的
参考例句:
  • the story should act as a warning to other prospective buyers.这篇报道应该对其他潜在的购买者起到警示作用。
  • they have all these great activities for prospective freshmen.这会举办各种各样的活动来招待未来的新人。
3 wtbza     
vt.弄脏(用吸墨纸)吸干;n.污点,污渍
参考例句:
  • that new factory is a blot on the landscape.那新建的工厂破坏了此地的景色。
  • the crime he committed is a blot on his record.他犯的罪是他的履历中的一个污点。
4 ff7af27948b380bff5d583359796d3c8     
adj.入学登记了的v.[亦作enrol]( enroll的过去式和过去分词 );登记,招收,使入伍(或入会、入学等),参加,成为成员;记入名册;卷起,包起
参考例句:
  • they have been studying hard from the moment they enrolled. 从入学时起,他们就一直努力学习。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • he enrolled with an employment agency for a teaching position. 他在职业介绍所登了记以谋求一个教师的职位。 来自《简明英汉词典》
5 6rvzt     
adj.进行中的,前进的
参考例句:
  • the problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
  • the issues raised in the report relate directly to age concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。
6 yuxwa     
ad.根据统计数据来看,从统计学的观点来看
参考例句:
  • the sample of building permits is larger and therefore, statistically satisfying. 建筑许可数的样本比较大,所以统计数据更令人满意。
  • the results of each test would have to be statistically independent. 每次试验的结果在统计上必须是独立的。
7 1kmzty     
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
参考例句:
  • he ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • the remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
8 fpfxv     
adj.比预期时间早的;不成熟的,仓促的
参考例句:
  • it is yet premature to predict the possible outcome of the dialogue.预言这次对话可能有什么结果为时尚早。
  • the premature baby is doing well.那个早产的婴儿很健康。
9 vf8z6v     
adj.过分的;不适当的;未到期的
参考例句:
  • don't treat the matter with undue haste.不要过急地处理此事。
  • it would be wise not to give undue importance to his criticisms.最好不要过分看重他的批评。
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