充分控制量子计算机的构建模块-凯发k8官网

充分控制量子计算机的构建模块
文章来源:未知 文章作者:meng 发布时间:2010-12-24 01:50 字体: [ ] 
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scientists from the kavli institute of nanoscience at delft university of technology and eindhoven university of technology in the netherlands have succeeded in controlling the building blocks of a future super-fast quantum(量子) computer. they are now able to manipulate these building blocks (qubits) with electrical rather than magnetic fields, as has been the common practice up till now. they have also been able to 1 these qubits into 2 nanowires. the scientists' findings have been published in the current issue of the science journal nature (23 december).

spin

a qubit(量子位) is the building block of a possible, future quantum computer, which would far 3(超过,胜过) current computers in terms of speed. one way to make a qubit is to trap a single electron in semiconductor material. a qubit can, just like a normal computer bit, adopt the states '0' and '1'. this is achieved by using the spin of an electron, which is generated by spinning the electron on its 4(轴) . the electron can spin in two directions (representing the '0' state and the '1' state).

electrical instead of magnetic

until now, the spin of an electron has been controlled by magnetic fields. however, these field are extremely difficult to generate on a chip. the electron spin in the qubits that are currently being generated by the dutch scientists can be controlled by a charge or an electric field, rather than by magnetic fields. this form of control has major advantages, as leo kouwenhoven, scientist at the kavli institute of nanoscience at tu delft, points out: 'these spin-orbit qubits combine the best of both worlds. they employ the advantages of both electronic control and information storage in the electron spin.'

nanowires

there is another important new development in the dutch research: the scientists have been able to embed the qubits (two) into nanowires made of a semiconductor material (indium arsenides砷化铟). these wires are of the order of nanometres in diameter and micrometres in length. kouwenhoven: 'these nanowires are being increasingly used as convenient building blocks in nanoelectronics. nanowires are an excellent platform for quantum information processing, among other applications.'



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 sqjxx     
vt.把…嵌(埋、插)入,扎牢;使深留脑中
参考例句:
  • the harpoon struck but did not embed.鱼叉击中了但并没有插入。
  • this photo showed us how did the root of plant embed the soil deeply.这张照片显示植物的根是如何深入到土壤里去的。
2 uzuwq     
n.半导体
参考例句:
  • in the beginning,engineers hoped to use semiconductor lasers.在开始时,工程师们希望能够利用半导体激光器。
  • the main agent of the company brand semiconductor sales.本公司主要代理各品牌半导体销售。
3 mj6xm     
v.超过,跑过
参考例句:
  • he can outstrip his friend both in sports and in studies.他能在体育和学习方面胜过他的朋友。
  • it is possible for us to outstrip the advanced countries in the world.我们能超过世界上先进的国家。
4 sdxyz     
n.轴,轴线,中心线;坐标轴,基准线
参考例句:
  • the earth's axis is the line between the north and south poles.地轴是南北极之间的线。
  • the axis of a circle is its diameter.圆的轴线是其直径。
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