物理学家发现超灵敏微波检测器-凯发k8官网

物理学家发现超灵敏微波检测器
文章来源:未知 文章作者:meng 发布时间:2010-12-09 03:40 字体: [ ] 
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

2 from rice university and princeton university have discovered how to use one of the information technology industry's mainstay materials -- gallium arsenide(砷化镓) 3 -- as an ultrasensitive(超灵敏的) microwave 4 that could be suitable for next-generation computers. the discovery comes at a time when computer chip engineers are 5 both to add nanophotonic devices directly to microchips and to boost processor speeds beyond 10 gigahertz (ghz). "6 photon-detection technology in the microwave range is not well-developed," said rice 1 rui-rui du, the study's lead author. "single-photon 7 based on superconductors in the 10-ghz to 100-ghz range are available, but their 8 frequency has been difficult to 9. our findings suggest that tunable single-photon detection may be within reach with ultrapure gallium arsenide."

the study, which is available online and due to appear in print this week in physical review letters, is the latest result from a long-term 10 between du and princeton university physicist loren pfeiffer, whose group produces the world's purest samples of gallium arsenide. for the new study, rice graduate student yanhua dai cooled one of pfeiffer's ultrapure samples to below 4 degrees kelvin -- the temperature of liquid helium. she then bombarded(轰炸,炮击) the sample with microwaves while applying a weak magnetic field -- approximately the same strength as that of a refrigerator magnet. du and dai were surprised to find that microwaves of a specific 11 resonated(共鸣,共振) strongly with the cooled sample. they also found they could use the magnet to tune this resonance to specific microwave frequencies.

du said previous experiments have typically measured weak resonance effects from microwaves. "a signal level of 1 percent is a common measurement. in our case, the change was a thousand times that much."

while the team does not yet understand the 12 that leads to such a sensitive reaction, they are eagerly pursuing follow-up research to try to prove they can use the effect for single-photon measurements.

a photon is the smallest possible unit of light or electromagnetic radiation. by incorporating devices that create, transmit and measure digital information via photons, rather than with electrons, 13 of computer chips hope to produce computers that are both faster and more powerful.

"the clock speed of a new computer right now is about 2 ghz," du said. "for the next generation, the industry is shooting for around 100 ghz, which is a microwave device. the phenomenon we've observed is in this region, so we hope it may be useful for them."



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1 onqx4     
n.物理学家,研究物理学的人
参考例句:
  • he is a physicist of the first rank.他是一流的物理学家。
  • the successful physicist never puts on airs.这位卓有成就的物理学家从不摆架子。
2 18316b43c980524885c1a898ed1528b1     
物理学家( physicist的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • for many particle physicists, however, it was a year of frustration. 对于许多粒子物理学家来说,这是受挫折的一年。 来自英汉非文学 - 科技
  • physicists seek rules or patterns to provide a framework. 物理学家寻求用法则或图式来构成一个框架。
3 0e1983fea761e849266037e7a40cb125     
n.半导体( semiconductor的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • crystals may be insulators, semiconductors, or conductors. 晶体可以是绝缘体,半导体,或导体。 来自辞典例句
  • semiconductors containing such impurities are called p-type semiconductors. 含有这类杂质的半导体叫做p型半导体。 来自辞典例句
4 svnxk     
n.发觉者,探测器
参考例句:
  • the detector is housed in a streamlined cylindrical container.探测器安装在流线型圆柱形容器内。
  • please walk through the metal detector.请走过金属检测器。
5 1ksz3w     
n.竞赛,赛马;adj.竞赛用的,赛马用的
参考例句:
  • i was watching the racing on television last night.昨晚我在电视上看赛马。
  • the two racing drivers fenced for a chance to gain the lead.两个赛车手伺机竞相领先。
6 e846714832475261a7cdb5d8f2d1c687     
adj.可调的;可调谐
参考例句:
  • researchers realised that a tunable laser beam might be useful in surgery. 研究人员意识到,可调谐激光束也许可以用在外科手术中。 来自辞典例句
  • the experiment of wavelength conversion using tunable external-cavity semiconductor laser is performed. 利用可调谐外腔半导体激光器进行了波长转换实验。 来自互联网
7 bff80b364ed19e1821aa038fae38df83     
探测器( detector的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • the report advocated that all buildings be fitted with smoke detectors. 报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。
  • this is heady wine for experimenters using these neutrino detectors. 对于使用中微子探测器的实验工作者,这是令人兴奋的美酒。 来自英汉非文学 - 科技
8 hbazc     
n.洪亮;共鸣;共振
参考例句:
  • playing the piano sets up resonance in those glass ornaments.一弹钢琴那些玻璃饰物就会产生共振。
  • the areas under the two resonance envelopes are unequal.两个共振峰下面的面积是不相等的。
9 nmnww     
n.调子;和谐,协调;v.调音,调节,调整
参考例句:
  • he'd written a tune,and played it to us on the piano.他写了一段曲子,并在钢琴上弹给我们听。
  • the boy beat out a tune on a tin can.那男孩在易拉罐上敲出一首曲子。
10 bw7yd     
n.合作,协作;勾结
参考例句:
  • the two companies are working in close collaboration each other.这两家公司密切合作。
  • he was shot for collaboration with the enemy.他因通敌而被枪毙了。
11 8ghwn     
n.波长
参考例句:
  • the authorities were unable to jam this wavelength.当局无法干扰这一波长。
  • radio one has broadcast on this wavelength for years.广播1台已经用这个波长广播多年了。
12 zcwxr     
n.机械装置;机构,结构
参考例句:
  • the bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
  • the mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。
13 22a4efff03ac42c1785d09a48313d352     
n.制造者,制造商(maker的复数形式)
参考例句:
  • the makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
  • the makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》
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