科学实验可使白鼠具有人类免疫系统-凯发k8官网

科学实验可使白鼠具有人类免疫系统
文章来源:未知 文章作者:meng 发布时间:2010-10-06 02:47 字体: [ ] 
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

1 antibodies can be an efficient alternative when common drugs do not work anymore. however, antibodies obtained from blood of animals such as mice could not be used: the human immune system recognizes them as foreign and rejects them. in an international cooperation, scientists from the helmholtz centre for infection research (hzi) in braunschweig, germany have now succeeded in developing a 2 approach to solve this problem; with the help of human stem cells they generated mice with a human immune system, which were then 3(接种疫苗) to produce human monoclonal antibodies(单株抗体) . these 4 human antibodies could help in the research and therapy of human diseases. their results have now been published in the current online issue of the scientific journal "plos one". antibodies are small proteins, produced by b cells during an immune response. they 5 at and thus mark invading pathogens(病原体) so that 6 cells(巨噬细胞) recognize and destroy them. "the task of our immune system is to distinguish between self and non-self structures," says professor carlos a. guzmàn, head of the department of "vaccinology and 7 microbiology" at the hzi. "this means also that only human antibodies come into question for an antibody therapy", since the human immune system fights antibodies from mice – a threat for the patient. furthermore, it is 8(笨重的,累赘的) to humanize murine(鼠科的) antibodies for human treatment or to generate human b cell clones producing high quantities of antibodies.

the scientists used an already established method to give a human immune system to mice, which were then exploited to solve this problem: they injected human stem cells into young mice that due to a 9 defect lack an immune system. the stem cells migrate into the bone 10, 11(增殖,扩散) , 12 and lead to the generation of a human immune system. "in our in-depth 13 we were able to detect all important types of immune cells in these mice," says dr. pablo becker, scientist in the hzi department "vaccinology and applied microbiology".

to 14 the new approach, mice with a human immune system were vaccinated against hepatitis b or tetanus. the scientists then 15 human antibody producing b cells from the mice and treated them so that they survive outside the body in a cell culture dish and continue producing antibodies. then, the researchers took a deeper look at the antibodies. the results give hope: "antibodies from mice with a human immune system showed good properties in our tests, but the model still needs to be improved for broad 16(实现,履行) in biomedicine," says pablo becker. "however, we were able to demonstrate for the first time that it is possible to produce human monoclonal antibodies using humanized mice." now it is important to improve this mouse model to use it one day for the development of advanced therapies against human diseases. "in the future this approach might represent the most powerful tool to develop therapeutic antibodies for clinical use," hopes becker.



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1 si8zl     
adj.治疗的,起治疗作用的;对身心健康有益的
参考例句:
  • therapeutic measures were selected to fit the patient.选择治疗措施以适应病人的需要。
  • when i was sad,music had a therapeutic effect.我悲伤的时候,音乐有治疗效力。
2 bkqzsk     
adj.有希望的,有前途的
参考例句:
  • the results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
  • we're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。
3 8f16717462e6e6db3389d0f736409983     
[医]已接种的,种痘的,接种过疫菌的
参考例句:
  • i was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
  • were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗?
4 gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • the doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • they soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
5 vt8zi     
vt.捆,包扎;装订;约束;使凝固;vi.变硬
参考例句:
  • i will let the waiter bind up the parcel for you.我让服务生帮你把包裹包起来。
  • he wants a shirt that does not bind him.他要一件不使他觉得过紧的衬衫。
6 ldtyn     
n.以腐尸为食的动物,清扫工
参考例句:
  • he's just fit for a job as scavenger.他只配当个清道夫。
  • he is not a scavenger nor just a moving appetite as some sharks are.它不是食腐动物,也不像有些鲨鱼那样,只知道游来游去满足食欲。
7 tz2zxa     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • she plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • this cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
8 mnizj     
adj.笨重的,不便携带的
参考例句:
  • although the machine looks cumbersome,it is actually easy to use.尽管这台机器看上去很笨重,操作起来却很容易。
  • the furniture is too cumbersome to move.家具太笨,搬起来很不方便。
9 pgixp     
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
参考例句:
  • it's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
10 m2mye     
n.骨髓;精华;活力
参考例句:
  • it was so cold that he felt frozen to the marrow. 天气太冷了,他感到寒冷刺骨。
  • he was tired to the marrow of his bones.他真是累得筋疲力尽了。
11 uisye     
vi.激增,(迅速)繁殖,增生
参考例句:
  • we must not proliferate nuclear arms.我们决不能扩散核武器。
  • rabbits proliferate when they have plenty of food.兔子有充足的食物就会繁衍得很快。
12 cm3yc     
vi.(between)区分;vt.区别;使不同
参考例句:
  • you can differentiate between the houses by the shape of their chimneys.你可以凭借烟囱形状的不同来区分这两幢房子。
  • he never learned to differentiate between good and evil.他从未学会分辨善恶。
13 02de25420938593f7db7bd4052010b32     
(正式的)调查( investigation的名词复数 ); 侦查; 科学研究; 学术研究
参考例句:
  • his investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查,但没有发现什么。
  • he often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。
14 jiewm     
vt.(法律)使有效,使生效
参考例句:
  • you need an official signature to validate the order.你要有正式的签字,这张汇票才能生效。
  • in order to validate the agreement,both parties sign it.为使协议有效,双方在上面签了字。
15 bqmztd     
adj.与世隔绝的
参考例句:
  • his bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
  • patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。
16 2awxv     
n.实施,贯彻
参考例句:
  • implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。
tag标签: cells human blood infection
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