科学家发现可诱发癌症的人体细胞缺陷-凯发k8官网

科学家发现可诱发癌症的人体细胞缺陷
文章来源:未知 文章作者:meng 发布时间:2010-03-17 00:49 字体: [ ] 
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

ucsf researchers have discovered that a key 1 defect(缺点,缺陷) that disturbs the production of proteins in human cells can lead to cancer susceptibility(感情,敏感性) . the scientists also found that a new generation of inhibitory(禁止的,抑制的) drugs offers promise in correcting this defect. according to the study team, this discovery has broad clinical implications in the fight against cancer and could affect treatment of lymphoma(淋巴瘤) and many other forms of the disease, including prostate(前列腺) cancer, breast cancer, colorectal(结肠直肠的) cancer, brain cancer and multiple myeloma(多发性骨髓瘤) .

the findings are featured as the cover story in the march 16, 2010 issue of the scientific journal cancer cell (http://www.cell.com/cancer-cell/issue?pii=s1535-6108(10)x0004-6).

the discovery was made in the laboratory of ucsf 2 scientist davide ruggero, phd, whose lab team is doing research in the 3(增长迅速的) field of study on how defects in protein synthesis(蛋白质合成) can lead to cancer susceptibility.

"our work has the potential to create real, 5 benefits(显著实惠) for the medical community," said ruggero, an assistant professor of urology(泌尿学) at the ucsf helen diller family comprehensive cancer center and senior author of the paper.

the researchers focused on a multi-protein unit known as mtor, which stands for the "mammalian(哺乳类动物的) target of rapamycin(雷帕霉素) ." mtor controls several important processes in mammalian cells, including cell survival and proliferation(增殖,扩散) .

one of the most significant of these processes is the production of proteins within a cell, the control of which is known as translational control. mtor integrates information about the cell's 6(营养的) and energy needs, and prompts the cell to manufacture key proteins for cell growth. cancer cells exploit this signal for their own growth.

according to the researchers, when the cells in the body lose the ability to control mtor activity, mtor is considered "hyperactivated." this hyperactivation causes protein synthesis rates to climb. cells begin to 7 without limits and 8 become 9, all of which leads to 10 formation.

"our findings show that for a cancer cell, normal cellular functions such as protein synthesis can be specifically 11 for tumor growth," explained first author andrew hsieh, a clinical fellow at the ucsf school of medicine and the department of urology at the helen diller family comprehensive cancer center.

ruggero said that the "12(凄凉的,阴沉的) " clinical results seen with first generation mtor inhibitor drugs like rapamycin "stemmed in part from the 13 limit on unhealthy protein synthesis that is caused by hyperactivated mtor."

researchers in his laboratory made this key discovery through 14 tests that demonstrate that healthy 15 in charge of protein production can become cancerous when mtor is hyperactivated. to combat this, the scientists employed a new drug called pp242. this drug was discovered at ucsf in the lab of kevan shokat, phd, howard hughes medical 16 and professor of cellular and 17 pharmacology(分子药理学) at ucsf.

"this drug has shown 18 results by bringing protein synthesis and cell proliferation levels back down to normal rates," ruggero said. "in addition, pp242 helps fight the process of immortalization that cancer cells go through."

in their findings, pp242 proved to be more effective than similar drugs in its ability to jumpstart translational control in both live mice and human cells tested in the lab. pp242 is currently in phase 1 clinical trials.

"we demonstrated that the drug kills the cancer cells more effectively because it blocks the abnormal production of proteins," said ruggero. "the other drugs we tested did not show clinical effectiveness in blocking cancer development in this manner.''

the authors say that pp242 could become a 4 cancer treatment. the findings are a positive step, ruggero said, because what have 19 been considered unresponsive tumors can now be treated with the second generation of inhibitors that halt mtor's action on protein production.

"we are extremely excited about our findings and the potential of targeting 20(异常的,畸变的) protein synthesis and mtor in cancer as we should be able to block cancer's main source of growth," said ruggero. "we are working with clinicians to test our hypothesis in a variety of human tumors."



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1 au1yo     
adj.移动的;细胞的,由细胞组成的
参考例句:
  • she has a cellular telephone in her car.她的汽车里有一部无线通讯电话机。
  • many people use cellular materials as sensitive elements in hygrometers.很多人用蜂窝状的材料作为测量温度的传感元件。
2 hhkzk     
n.才能;学院,系;(学院或系的)全体教学人员
参考例句:
  • he has a great faculty for learning foreign languages.他有学习外语的天赋。
  • he has the faculty of saying the right thing at the right time.他有在恰当的时候说恰当的话的才智。
3 f8b25401f10e765adc759ee165d5c1c5     
adj.迅速成长的,迅速发展的v.发芽,抽枝( burgeon的现在分词 );迅速发展;发(芽),抽(枝)
参考例句:
  • our company's business is burgeoning now. 我们公司的业务现在发展很迅速。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • these efforts were insufficient to contain the burgeoning crisis. 这些努力不足以抑制迅速扩散的危机。 来自辞典例句
4 c1uzk     
adj.强有力的,有权势的;有效力的
参考例句:
  • the medicine had a potent effect on your disease.这药物对你的病疗效很大。
  • we must account of his potent influence.我们必须考虑他的强有力的影响。
5 4ihzo     
adj.有形的,可触摸的,确凿的,实际的
参考例句:
  • the policy has not yet brought any tangible benefits.这项政策还没有带来任何实质性的好处。
  • there is no tangible proof.没有确凿的证据。
6 4hrxn     
adj.营养的,滋养的
参考例句:
  • a diet lacking in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.缺乏营养价值的饮食不能维持人的健康。
  • the labels on food products give a lot of information about their nutritional content.食品上的标签提供很多关于营养成分的信息。
7 uisye     
vi.激增,(迅速)繁殖,增生
参考例句:
  • we must not proliferate nuclear arms.我们决不能扩散核武器。
  • rabbits proliferate when they have plenty of food.兔子有充足的食物就会繁衍得很快。
8 4ibz1o     
adv.同时发生地,同时进行地
参考例句:
  • the radar beam can track a number of targets almost simultaneously.雷达波几乎可以同时追着多个目标。
  • the windows allow a computer user to execute multiple programs simultaneously.windows允许计算机用户同时运行多个程序。
9 7koyr     
adj.不朽的;永生的,不死的;神的
参考例句:
  • the wild cocoa tree is effectively immortal.野生可可树实际上是不会死的。
  • the heroes of the people are immortal!人民英雄永垂不朽!
10 fkxzm     
n.(肿)瘤,肿块(英)tumour
参考例句:
  • he was died of a malignant tumor.他死于恶性肿瘤。
  • the surgeons irradiated the tumor.外科医生用x射线照射那个肿瘤。
11 54f3e68c506e45e75f9a155a27738c2f     
劫持( hijack的过去式和过去分词 ); 绑架; 拦路抢劫; 操纵(会议等,以推销自己的意图)
参考例句:
  • the plane was hijacked by two armed men on a flight from london to rome. 飞机在从伦敦飞往罗马途中遭到两名持械男子劫持。
  • the plane was hijacked soon after it took off. 那架飞机起飞后不久被劫持了。
12 wtwxa     
adj.阴沉的,凄凉的,令人忧郁的,差劲的
参考例句:
  • that is a rather dismal melody.那是一支相当忧郁的歌曲。
  • my prospects of returning to a suitable job are dismal.我重新找到一个合适的工作岗位的希望很渺茫。
13 2kzyk     
adj.(for,to)不充足的,不适当的
参考例句:
  • the supply is inadequate to meet the demand.供不应求。
  • she was inadequate to the demands that were made on her.她还无力满足对她提出的各项要求。
14 pgixp     
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
参考例句:
  • it's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
15 01914f8eac35d7e14afa065217edd8c0     
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • you have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
16 zrqzo     
n.研究者,调查者,审查者
参考例句:
  • he was a special investigator for the fbi.他是联邦调查局的特别调查员。
  • the investigator was able to deduce the crime and find the criminal.调查者能够推出犯罪过程并锁定罪犯。
17 me9xh     
adj.分子的;克分子的
参考例句:
  • the research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms.这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。
  • for the pressure to become zero, molecular bombardment must cease.当压强趋近于零时,分子的碰撞就停止了。
18 bkqzsk     
adj.有希望的,有前途的
参考例句:
  • the results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
  • we're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。
19 bkzzzc     
adv.以前,先前(地)
参考例句:
  • the bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
  • let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿,解释原先发生了什么。
20 2v7zs     
adj.畸变的,异常的,脱离常轨的
参考例句:
  • his aberrant behavior at the party shocked everyone.他在晚会上的异常举止令所有人感到震惊!
  • i saw that the insects and spiders were displaying the same kind of aberrant behavior.我看到昆虫和蜘蛛正在表现出相同反常的行为。
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