研究建议宾馆妥善保存牛奶-凯发k8官网

研究建议宾馆妥善保存牛奶
文章来源:未知 文章作者:meng 发布时间:2010-02-01 01:42 字体: [ ] 
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

one-third of samples of milk and dairy products乳制品 analysed in various restaurants exceed the microbe细菌,微生物 contamination污染,玷污 limits set by the european union, according to a study carried out by researchers from the university of valencia (uv). the experts advise against keeping milk in jugs水壶,监牢 and suggest that these 3 need to be better handled. "out of all the dairy products we analysed, 35% of the samples exceeded the maximum contamination levels established by eu law for enterobacteriaceae肠杆菌科, and 31% exceeded the limits set for mesophilic亲中介态的,嗜常温的 4 microorganisms嗜氧微生物 (which grow at an optimum temperature of between 30 and 45ºc)", isabel sospedra, a researcher at the department of preventive medicine and public health of the uv and one of the authors of the study, tells sinc.

the scientists examined 265 batches批次 of milk and ready-to-use milk derivatives派生物 in a range of bars and restaurants in valencia, and checked whether their microbial quality fell into line with european union regulations. the results, which have been published recently in the journal foodborne pathogens and disease食物性病原体与疾病, show that one-third of the samples had some kind of microorganism contamination and were not fit for human consumption.

"luckily none of the 5 we analysed tested positive for staphylococcus aureus金黄色酿脓葡萄球菌, listeria monocytogenes单核细胞增多性李斯特氏菌 or salmonella沙门氏菌 spp., which are pathogenic microorganisms that cause both food poisoning and toxoinfections", the study's authors says.

the researchers found differences according to the source of the sample (hot milk, products at room temperature or homemade dairy products). according to the study, 2% of the samples of hot milk (kept in 1 or 7 steel 8 9保温瓶) tested positive for the bacteria escherichia coli.

the team detected unsuitable practices, such as reheating milk over and over again, even in a microwave, and then pouring it back into the thermos, which increases the risk of microbial contamination. the study shows that there is a greater contamination risk from milk kept in jugs, meaning this type of container is not suitable for storing milk.

focus more on cleaning 10

the experts advise that, when using milk in any way, it is important to clean jugs, thermos flasks and the steamers of coffee machines 11 and frequently, using the right kind of hygienic卫生的,保健的 sponges海绵 or cloths, which is not always the case. "kitchen cloths are not suitable for disinfecting because of their microstructure, which means they transfer even greater levels of contamination", the scientists explain.

in terms of milk that is cold or at room temperature, this is usually kept in its original container in restaurants and bars – a plastic bottle or tetrabrick. the study shows that containers with a lid盖子,眼睑 are better, since tetrabricks opened with scissors are more exposed to microbial proliferation增殖,扩散, and are especially vulnerable to enterobacteriaceae.

in terms of dairy products prepared in the restaurants themselves (custards奶油冻, mousses奶油冻,摩丝, puddings and crème乳油,奶油 caramels焦糖), custards (natillas) had the highest levels of contamination with microorganisms. this may be due to the fact this was the only 2 analysed that is further processed after being heated, say the scientists. cross contamination could come from the hands of the person preparing the product, particularly when he or she places the biscuit饼干,小点心 on top of the dish.

in line with一致,符合 previous studies, the researchers also showed that adding cinnamon肉桂 to dairy products led to reduced microorganism contamination, since this substance helps to eliminate microorganisms such as escherichia coli大肠杆菌, listeria monocytogenes and bacteria from the salmonella family.



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 10ebefab1f47ca33e582d349c161a29f     
(有柄及小口的)水壶( jug的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • two china jugs held steaming gravy. 两个瓷罐子装着热气腾腾的肉卤。
  • jugs-big wall lingo for jumars or any other type of ascenders. 大岩壁术语,祝玛式上升器或其它种类的上升器。
2 hjmxr     
n.食料,食品
参考例句:
  • they handled groceries and foodstuff.他们经营食品杂货。
  • construct a international foodstuff promotion and exhibition trade center.建成国际食品会展经贸中心。
3 574623767492eb55a85c5be0d7d719e7     
食物,食品( foodstuff的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • imports of foodstuffs accounted for a small proportion of total imports. 食物进口仅占总进口额的一小部份。
  • many basic foodstuffs, such as bread and milk, are tax-free. 许多基本食物如牛奶和面包是免税的。
4 bn8zn     
adj.需氧的,增氧健身法的,有氧的
参考例句:
  • aerobic exercise helps to build up stamina.有氧健身操有助于增强耐力。
  • aerobic dance is conductive to the health.有氧舞蹈有助于健康。
5 f8c77c3bee0bd5d27b9ca0e20c216d1a     
一批( batch的名词复数 ); 一炉; (食物、药物等的)一批生产的量; 成批作业
参考例句:
  • the prisoners were led out in batches and shot. 这些囚犯被分批带出去枪毙了。
  • the stainless drum may be used to make larger batches. 不锈钢转数设备可用来加工批量大的料。
6 f75369b9e0ef2282b4d10e367e4ee2a9     
n.衍生性金融商品;派生物,引出物( derivative的名词复数 );导数
参考例句:
  • many english words are derivatives of latin words. 许多英语词来自拉丁语。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • these compounds are nitrosohydroxylamine derivatives. 这类合成物是亚硝基羟胺衍生物。 来自辞典例句
7 kuswr     
adj.无瑕疵的,不锈的
参考例句:
  • i have a set of stainless knives and forks.我有一套不锈钢刀叉。
  • before the recent political scandal,her reputation had been stainless.在最近的政治丑闻之前,她的名声是无懈可击的。
8 tqjye     
n.保湿瓶,热水瓶
参考例句:
  • can i borrow your thermos?我可以借用你的暖水瓶吗?
  • it's handy to have the thermos here.暖瓶放在这儿好拿。
9 34ad8a54a8490ad2e98fb04e57c2fc0d     
n.瓶,长颈瓶, 烧瓶( flask的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • the juggler juggled three flasks. 这个玩杂耍的人可同时抛接三个瓶子。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • the meat in all of the open flasks putrefied. 所有开口瓶中的肉都腐烂了。 来自辞典例句
10 69f125dfb1fef9b418c96d1986e7b484     
器具,用具,器皿( utensil的名词复数 ); 器物
参考例句:
  • formerly most of our household utensils were made of brass. 以前我们家庭用的器皿多数是用黄铜做的。
  • some utensils were in a state of decay when they were unearthed. 有些器皿在出土时已经残破。
11 sgmz0j     
adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地
参考例句:
  • the soil must be thoroughly turned over before planting.一定要先把土地深翻一遍再下种。
  • the soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons.士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。
tag标签: milk restaurant
发表评论
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
评价:
表情:
验证码:点击我更换图片
最新评论
网站地图