早产儿的肠道细菌有广泛的抗生素耐药性-凯发k8官网

早产儿的肠道细菌有广泛的抗生素耐药性
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2016-03-08 06:25 字体: [ ] 
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a new study of 1 bacteria in 2 infants reveals the vast scope of the problem of 3 resistance and gives new insight into the extreme vulnerability of these young patients, according to researchers at washington university school of medicine in st. louis. the study appears online march 7 in the journal nature microbiology.
 
the gut microbiome has emerged in recent years as a vital player in human health, affecting factors as diverse as 4 status, bone development and immune function. the new study shows that the microbes 5 the gastrointestinal 6 of babies born 7 are not health-promoting or even 8 organisms, but close relatives of bacteria known to cause hospital-acquired infections, including escherichia coli (e. coli), klebsiella and enterobacter.
 
the researchers sequenced all of the 9 in the 10 communities living in the preterm babies' 11. using new techniques they developed, the 12 identified almost 800 13 in these bacterial communities that confer resistance to 14. they 15 that about 80 percent of these genes had not 16 been associated with antibiotic resistance.
 
"our study demonstrates that even well-studied bacteria -- the ones that we know cause disease or their close relatives -- have many genes associated with antibiotic resistance that have not been characterized before," said senior author gautam dantas, phd, associate professor of pathology and immunology. "premature babies do not always get bacterial infections that need treatment, but we have known for a long time that they are at higher risk for infection than babies born full term. now, we know that preterm-infant guts are attracting exactly the wrong kinds of bacteria."
 
because of this increased risk of infection, almost all preterm infants cared for in neonatal intensive care units (nicus) receive antibiotics in the first two days of life, regardless of their health status. and a majority of those receive many more days of treatment.
 
"extremely preterm infants often have multiple medical problems, with symptoms of 17 18 with other conditions like infection," said co-author barbara b. warner, md, a professor of pediatrics and neonatologist at st. louis children's hospital. "the conventional wisdom has been antibiotics can't hurt and they might help. but our new study demonstrates that wide-scale use of antibiotics in this population does not come without cost."


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1 mezzp     
n.[pl.]胆量;内脏;adj.本能的;vt.取出内脏
参考例句:
  • it is not always necessary to gut the fish prior to freezing.冷冻鱼之前并不总是需要先把内脏掏空。
  • my immediate gut feeling was to refuse.我本能的直接反应是拒绝。
2 fpfxv     
adj.比预期时间早的;不成熟的,仓促的
参考例句:
  • it is yet premature to predict the possible outcome of the dialogue.预言这次对话可能有什么结果为时尚早。
  • the premature baby is doing well.那个早产的婴儿很健康。
3 knjzd     
adj.抗菌的;n.抗生素
参考例句:
  • the doctor said that i should take some antibiotic.医生说我应该服些用抗生素。
  • antibiotic can be used against infection.抗菌素可以用来防止感染。
4 4hrxn     
adj.营养的,滋养的
参考例句:
  • a diet lacking in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.缺乏营养价值的饮食不能维持人的健康。
  • the labels on food products give a lot of information about their nutritional content.食品上的标签提供很多关于营养成分的信息。
5 8e6132da4abc85de5506f1d9c85be700     
v.开拓殖民地,移民于殖民地( colonize的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • the art of colonizing is no exception to the rule. 殖民的芸术是? 有特例的。 来自互联网
  • a lesson for other colonizing nations. 其它殖民国家学习的教训。 来自互联网
6 fcea36d422dccf9d9420a7dd83bea091     
大片土地( tract的名词复数 ); 地带; (体内的)道; (尤指宣扬宗教、伦理或政治的)短文
参考例句:
  • vast tracts of forest 大片大片的森林
  • there are tracts of desert in australia. 澳大利亚有大片沙漠。
7 nlmzw4     
adv.过早地,贸然地
参考例句:
  • she was born prematurely with poorly developed lungs. 她早产,肺部未发育健全。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • his hair was prematurely white, but his busy eyebrows were still jet-black. 他的头发已经白了,不过两道浓眉还是乌黑乌黑的。 来自辞典例句
8 2t2zw     
adj.善良的,慈祥的;良性的,无危险的
参考例句:
  • the benign weather brought north america a bumper crop.温和的气候给北美带来大丰收。
  • martha is a benign old lady.玛莎是个仁慈的老妇人。
9 4u3z1l     
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
参考例句:
  • dna is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • gene mutations are alterations in the dna code.基因突变是指dna密码的改变。
10 dy5z8q     
a.细菌的
参考例句:
  • bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
11 yraziv     
v.狼吞虎咽,贪婪地吃,飞碟游戏(比赛双方每组5人,相距15码,互相掷接飞碟);毁坏(建筑物等)的内部( gut的第三人称单数 );取出…的内脏n.勇气( gut的名词复数 );内脏;消化道的下段;肠
参考例句:
  • i'll only cook fish if the guts have been removed. 鱼若已收拾干净,我只需烧一下即可。
  • barbara hasn't got the guts to leave her mother. 巴巴拉没有勇气离开她妈妈。 来自《简明英汉词典》
12 e970f9140785518a87fc81641b7c89f7     
n.调查者,审查者( investigator的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • this memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
  • the team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》
13 01914f8eac35d7e14afa065217edd8c0     
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • you have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
14 lzgzqt     
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • the doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
15 5n4zxc     
adj.著名的,知名的
参考例句:
  • the local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
16 bkzzzc     
adv.以前,先前(地)
参考例句:
  • the bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
  • let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿,解释原先发生了什么。
17 954a29b6b6578fd72400607352b1ffa5     
n.早熟,过早,早开花
参考例句:
  • associated anomalies and prematurity significantly influence the mortality rate. 并发畸形与早产儿显著地影响死亡率。 来自辞典例句
  • prematurity may also result in visual impairment or blindness. 早产也可导致视力障碍或失明。 来自互联网
18 gmqz4t     
adj./n.交迭(的)
参考例句:
  • there is no overlapping question between the two courses. 这两门课程之间不存在重叠的问题。
  • a trimetrogon strip is composed of three rows of overlapping. 三镜头摄影航线为三排重迭的象片所组成。
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