crunch time for russia mars probe 俄国火星探测计划推迟-凯发k8官网

crunch time for russia mars probe 俄国火星探测计划推迟
文章来源:未知 文章作者:meng 发布时间:2009-09-15 03:15 字体: [ ] 
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

less than two months before the scheduled launch of russia's flagship planetary spacecraft, officials are set to recommend a delay until 2011.

距离俄国旗舰级行星宇宙飞船原计划发射不到两个月的时间,当局将发射推迟到2011年。

phobos-grunt and yinghuo 1 are due for launch together
phobos-grunt and yinghuo 1 are due for launch together

the phobos-grunt mission aims to land on the martian moon phobos to collect soil samples and return them to earth.

sources within the russian space industry gave russianspaceweb.com details of the likely 2.

the russian space agency roskosmos is expected to announce the mission's fate within a week.

the agency's decision will be based on results of testing which the spacecraft has been undergoing since july at its assembly facility at npo lavochkin in khimki, near moscow.

a delay for phobos-grunt would also affect china's first mars probe yinghuo 1, as the two craft are due to be launched together on the same zenit rocket.

tight schedule

according to its latest increasingly tight schedule, the phobos-grunt spacecraft had to be shipped to the launch site in baikonur cosmodrome on 26 september 2009 in order to catch a narrow 3 launch window to mars in october of this year.

a 4 announced timeline called for the shipment of the spacecraft to baikonur in august, only to be pushed back to the middle of september 2009.

the decision to roll out the vehicle to baikonur would mean a commitment to launch this year, while failure to do so would 1 the mission to 2011.

industry sources said that despite all efforts, the probe's flight control systems are likely to need more tests before they can be considered reliable enough to survive a complex multi-year mission.

complex demands

the systems will need to be 5(强壮的,强健的) enough to cope with complex manoeuvring(调遣,操纵) in martian orbit, landing on the surface of phobos, the takeoff of the return vehicle and the landing of the capsule containing the soil samples on earth.

a further argument to postpone the mission to 2011 would be lack of duplicate(复制的,多重的) failsafe(故障保险) systems at russian mission control to guide the spacecraft into deep space.

currently russia's only operational deep space 6(触角,天线) capable of sending flight control commands to phobos-grunt is in ussuriyisk near vladivostok. any serious problems there would 7 the mission.

a second antenna, in medvezhi ozera, near st petersburg, could be capable of controlling the mission - but only after an upgrade, which is not expected to be completed until sometime next year.

launching the spacecraft with only a single operational flight control antenna would endanger the mission, experts said.

roskosmos recently reached an agreement with the european space agency, esa, to use its facilities in the phobos-grunt project. but european ground control stations would only be capable of receiving data rather than controlling the spacecraft.

those in favour of 8 the mission to 2011 argue that russian scientists have not conducted a deep space mission for more than two decades, and available time to prepare the launch in 2009 was 9.

in 1988, a pair of 10 probes was sent to mars but one failed on its way to the red planet and the other soon after entering orbit. flight control error was blamed for at least one failure.

russia's latest probe to mars, launched in 1996, crashed back to earth when the launch vehicle failed. lack of russian ground control facilities meant the exact cause was never 11(精确地找到).

despite many previous unofficial reports that the 12(围攻) project would have to be delayed to at least 2011, the russian space agency and npo lavochkin, the probe's primary developer, have always insisted that the mission would launch in 2009.

knock-on effect

according to latest reports, the launch of phobos-grunt was pushed to the beginning of november 2009, 13 beyond the available launch window to mars.

it was unclear how such a move would affect the mission, since launching outside of the astronomical window would limit the mass of the payload to be carried to mars.

delaying phobos-grunt from 2009 to 2011 might also have a knock-on effect on future russian missions into deep space.

experts say phobos-grunt is 14 well prepared for flight, so it would need little extra money to be ready for 2011.

however the same personnel and facilities employed in the preparation of the phobos-grunt project, at npo lavochkin and the iki space research institute in moscow, will be needed to design subsequent missions such as the luna-glob probe, which - according to the official schedule - is due to enter orbit around the moon in 2011.



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 rp0xq     
v.延期,推迟
参考例句:
  • i shall postpone making a decision till i learn full particulars.在未获悉详情之前我得从缓作出决定。
  • she decided to postpone the converastion for that evening.她决定当天晚上把谈话搁一搁。
2 fe68fdd7c3d68dcd978c3de138b7ce85     
n.推迟
参考例句:
  • he compounded with his creditors for a postponement of payment. 他与债权人达成协议延期付款。
  • rain caused the postponement of several race-meetings. 几次赛马大会因雨延期。
3 ketyo     
adj.天文学的,(数字)极大的
参考例句:
  • he was an expert on ancient chinese astronomical literature.他是研究中国古代天文学文献的专家。
  • houses in the village are selling for astronomical prices.乡村的房价正在飙升。
4 bkzzzc     
adv.以前,先前(地)
参考例句:
  • the bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
  • let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿,解释原先发生了什么。
5 fxvx7     
adj.强壮的,强健的,粗野的,需要体力的,浓的
参考例句:
  • she is too tall and robust.她个子太高,身体太壮。
  • china wants to keep growth robust to reduce poverty and avoid job losses,ap commented.美联社评论道,中国希望保持经济强势增长,以减少贫困和失业状况。
6 qwtzn     
n.触角,触须;天线
参考例句:
  • the workman fixed the antenna to the roof of the house.工人把天线固定在房顶上。
  • in our village, there is an antenna on every roof for receiving tv signals.在我们村里,每家房顶上都有天线接收电视信号。
7 gsexj     
n.厄运,劫数;v.注定,命定
参考例句:
  • the report on our economic situation is full of doom and gloom.这份关于凯发k8天生赢家一触即发官网经济状况的报告充满了令人绝望和沮丧的调子。
  • the dictator met his doom after ten years of rule.独裁者统治了十年终于完蛋了。
8 3ca610c0db966cd6f77cd5d15dc2b28c     
v.延期,推迟( postpone的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • he tried to gain time by postponing his decision. 他想以迟迟不作决定的手段来争取时间。 来自辞典例句
  • i don't hold with the idea of postponing further discussion of the matter. 我不赞成推迟进一步讨论这件事的想法。 来自辞典例句
9 2kzyk     
adj.(for,to)不充足的,不适当的
参考例句:
  • the supply is inadequate to meet the demand.供不应求。
  • she was inadequate to the demands that were made on her.她还无力满足对她提出的各项要求。
10 sw9wr     
adj.苏联的,苏维埃的;n.苏维埃
参考例句:
  • zhukov was a marshal of the former soviet union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
  • germany began to attack the soviet union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。
11 e23273e2459d3a2f113ef7cdb8d1c728     
准确地找出或描述( pinpoint的过去式和过去分词 ); 为…准确定位
参考例句:
  • his refusal to help simply pinpointed his cowardice. 他拒绝帮助正显示他的胆小。
  • computers pinpointed where the shells were coming from. 计算机确定了炮弹发射的位置。
12 91206cc7aa6944d764745938d913fa79     
adj.受到围困[围攻]的;包围的v.围攻( beleaguer的过去式和过去分词);困扰;骚扰
参考例句:
  • the beleaguered party leader was forced to resign. 那位饱受指责的政党领导人被迫辞职。
  • we are beleaguered by problems. 我们被许多困难所困扰。 来自《简明英汉词典》
13 nntxw     
adv.本质上,实质上,基本上
参考例句:
  • really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
  • she is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。
14 bkqzs3     
adv.比较...地,相对地
参考例句:
  • the rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • the operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
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