medics 'need bomb wound training' 医护人员“需要炸弹伤病训练-凯发k8官网

medics 'need bomb wound training' 医护人员“需要炸弹伤病训练
文章来源:未知 文章作者:meng 发布时间:2009-07-24 06:51 字体: [ ] 
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

doctors need more training to deal with the victims of bomb blasts given the current threat of terrorism, a lancet paper says.

一篇柳叶刀报纸称,在当前恐怖主义的威胁下,医生需要为炸弹爆炸的受害者进行更多的训练。

the bombing of a london bus took place outside the doctors\
the bombing of a london bus took place outside the doctors\' union

the injuries 1(工作) by explosive devices are unique and the chances of survival depend greatly on recognition, us doctors write.

from air entering the 2 to serious damage to the 3(肠) wall, the wounds can be diverse(不同的,相异的).

uk experts agreed there was an urgent need to understand these injuries.

figures on terrorism are notoriously(臭名昭著地) controversial in part due to 4 definitions of what constitutes a terrorist act.

but doctors from the denver health medical center cite "conservative estimates" suggesting such events have risen four-fold from 1999 to 2006 worldwide.

"special-interest, 5, and extremist groups have realised the profound effect explosions can have in 6 settings. nightclubs, trains, subways, planes, and other popular sites have been targeted in recent years by these groups and caused substantial civilian casualties," wrote lead author stephen wolf, an emergency medicine specialist.

"health-care systems must be able to provide care for the people and communities that are 7. thus, every physician involved with emergency care needs to understand the unique injury patterns and management of people injured by an explosion."

pressure wave

it is the pressure caused by blasts as air is displaced - generating winds of of several hundred km/h - that causes injury. if a person is 8 next to a wall or in a contained space the blast pressure is 9 as the wave "reflects back".

this pressure can causes immense damage within the body, particularly those with a direct 10 outside the body, for instance the gastrointestinal system(肠胃系统) and the lungs.

between 17 and 47% of people who die after an explosion have evidence of these pressure injuries in their lungs.

the doctors highlight the problem of potentially fatal arterial(动脉的) air embolisms(栓塞), when air enter the arteries - seriously reducing blood supply.

in the gastrointestinal system, blast injuries can cause damage to the bowel wall and disrupt blood flow to the 11(肠), requiring particular care.

in the uk, which has a longer history of bomb attacks than the us, there has long been recognition of the need to understand the specific nature of bomb wounds, experts say.

"but there is now an increased risk, and doctors need to be prepared to manage such cases. this paper provides a level of detail which really raises the bar," says dr john heyworth, president of the college of emergency medicine.

"it has to be a key part of training. of course you'd hope you would never need it, but doctors often have to be well 12 in(精通,熟练) things that they may never in fact see in the course of their career."

bombings in london four years ago led to calls for all doctors to receive more training in blast wounds. non-emergency doctors were among the first on the scene when a bus exploded outside bma house, home of the doctors' union.

but one specialist from israel said his country's experience 13 that good 14 was as crucial as the knowledge and understanding of the injuries 15(加害,科以), and potentially more difficult to achieve.

"most important of all, i believe, is the understanding that blast injury usually occurs in the context of a mass casualty incident, the logistics of which are vastly different than the care of an individual patient, and this is the emphasis we are bringing forward: how to provide the best of care under 16(不利的) conditions," said dr pinhas halperin, head of the department of emergency medicine at tel aviv sourasky medical center.

"we assume that the medical aspects are easily learned, while the organisational aspects, the functioning of the individual in the context, need constant drilling beyond the normal scope of training of both doctors and paramedics(护理人员)."



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 eozyr     
v.引起;以…原料制作;运转;adj.制造的
参考例句:
  • events in paris wrought a change in british opinion towards france and germany.巴黎发生的事件改变了英国对法国和德国的看法。
  • it's a walking stick with a gold head wrought in the form of a flower.那是一个金质花形包头的拐杖。
2 821b60db0d5e4edc87fdf5fc263ba3f5     
n.动脉( artery的名词复数 );干线,要道
参考例句:
  • even grafting new blood vessels in place of the diseased coronary arteries has been tried. 甚至移植新血管代替不健康的冠状动脉的方法都已经试过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • this is the place where the three main arteries of west london traffic met. 这就是伦敦西部三条主要交通干线的交汇处。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 bszzy     
n.肠(尤指人肠);内部,深处
参考例句:
  • irritable bowel syndrome seems to affect more women than men.女性比男性更易患肠易激综合征。
  • have you had a bowel movement today?你今天有排便吗?
4 giiw9     
adj.多样的,多变化的
参考例句:
  • the forms of art are many and varied.艺术的形式是多种多样的。
  • the hotel has a varied programme of nightly entertainment.宾馆有各种晚间娱乐活动。
5 8dzxh     
adj.激进的,好斗的;n.激进分子,斗士
参考例句:
  • some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
  • he is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。
6 uqbzl     
adj.平民的,民用的,民众的
参考例句:
  • there is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
  • he resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。
7 tzuzg0     
adj.不自然的,假装的
参考例句:
  • she showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • his manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
8 2hczgo     
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
参考例句:
  • after the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • they're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
9 4b3b31dab91d010ec3f02bff8b189d1a     
v.(使)增强, (使)加剧( intensify的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • violence intensified during the night. 在夜间暴力活动加剧了。
  • the drought has intensified. 旱情加剧了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 xzez8w     
n.空中航线,通风口
参考例句:
  • lay them on their side and ensure the airway is unobstructed.让他们侧躺着,并确保呼吸道畅通。
  • there is a purple airway in london airport.伦敦机场里有一条皇家专用飞机跑道。
11 e809cc608db249eaf1b13d564503dbca     
n.肠( intestine的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • perhaps the most serious problems occur in the stomach and intestines. 最严重的问题或许出现在胃和肠里。 来自辞典例句
  • the traps of carnivorous plants function a little like the stomachs and small intestines of animals. 食肉植物的捕蝇器起着动物的胃和小肠的作用。 来自辞典例句
12 bffzyc     
adj. 精通,熟练
参考例句:
  • he is well versed in history.他精通历史。
  • he versed himself in european literature. 他精通欧洲文学。
13 2a891807ad5907f0499171bb879a36aa     
adj. 有插图的,列举的 动词illustrate的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • his lecture was illustrated with slides taken during the expedition. 他在讲演中使用了探险时拍摄到的幻灯片。
  • the manufacturing methods: will be illustrated in the next chapter. 制作方法将在下一章说明。
14 organisation     
n.组织,安排,团体,有机休
参考例句:
  • the method of his organisation work is worth commending.他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
  • his application for membership of the organisation was rejected.他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。
15 cd6137b3bb7ad543500a72a112c6680f     
把…强加给,使承受,遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • they inflicted a humiliating defeat on the home team. 他们使主队吃了一场很没面子的败仗。
  • zoya heroically bore the torture that the fascists inflicted upon her. 卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。
16 5xbzs     
adj.不利的;有害的;敌对的,不友好的
参考例句:
  • he is adverse to going abroad.他反对出国。
  • the improper use of medicine could lead to severe adverse reactions.用药不当会产生严重的不良反应。
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