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首先,我们来看看名词 “concession”。“concession” 常用来表示 “买旅行票或活动门票时的优惠”,用来谈论特定人群可以享受低于普通票的价格,比如老年人、学生。注意, “concession” 通常不表示临时的优惠。
examples
students can get a concession on cinema tickets.
(学生可以享受电影票的优惠价。)
over-60s get travel 2 if they have a travel pass.
(持有交通通票的60岁以上人群可享受旅行优惠。)
名词 “sale” 可以用来描述 “商品在一段时间内降价出售,促销”。我们可以用搭配 “on sale” 来表示个别商品 “正在降价出售”。听两个例句。
examples
there's a huge sale on at the department store this weekend.
(这家百货公司本周末大减价。)
the tv we want is on sale at the moment. shall we buy it?
(我们想要的那台电视机正在降价出售。我们要买吗?)
名词 “sale” 也可以指 “销售,生意”。比如,刚刚提到的搭配 “on sale” 也可以表示某件商品 “有售,上市”;搭配 “for sale” 的意思是 “待售,供出售”。在这两个搭配中,“sale” 并不是指 “减价”。听三个例句。
examples
i've already made five sales today. it's my first day working at the shoe shop!
(我今天已经做了五单生意。这是我在鞋店工作的第一天!)
the new album just went on sale. i want to buy it!
(这张新专辑刚刚上架。我想买这张专辑!)
is your car for sale? how much do you want for it?
(你这辆车卖不卖?你想卖多少钱?)
名词 “discount” 的意思是 “折扣”,可以谈论给商品打折,也可以谈论从账单中扣除相应的金额。比如,“give someone a discount” 或 “offer someone a discount” 可以表示 “给某人打折”。
“discount” 的动词是 “discount”,拼写不变,意思是 “打折,减价”。比如:“discounted goods(折扣商品)”。
examples
this card will give you a discount of 5% on your next purchase.
(下次购买商品时,用此卡可享受95折。)
£1.70 has been discounted from your bill thanks to the rewards scheme.
(因为您尊享奖赏计划,所以已经给您的账单立减1.7镑。)
接下来讲一讲 “off”。“off” 也可以用来谈论和 “打折,折扣” 有关的话题,但 “off” 是副词,而且没有 “discount” 那么正式。“off” 在金额后,表示 “减价…钱”。比如,“£5 off” 的意思是 “比原价低5镑”。我们通常在副词 “off” 前加上百分比,表示 “打几折”。但要注意的是,“30% off” 是 “原价减去三成”,也就是百分之三十,相当于中文里的 “打七折”;以此类推,“20% off” 则是 “打八折”。
examples
the jumper has £7 off! it's a bargain.
(这件套头毛衣减价7英镑。真便宜。)
i'll give you 15% off the computer if you buy it today.
(如果你今天买这台电脑的话,我就给你打八五折。)
接下来,看看 “deduction”,它常指 “账单中扣除的金额”。在表达这个含义的时候, “deduction” 和 “discount” 的意思相近,但名词 “discount” 指 “总花费的折扣”,而 “deduction” 则常指 “扣除账单中个别项目或事物的花费”。“deduction” 也可以用来谈论从服务或收入中扣除的金额。名词 “deduction” 的动词是 “deduct(扣除,减去)”。我们来听三个例句。
examples
the carrots you had ordered were out of stock. so, the cost was 5 from your bill.
(您购买的胡萝卜缺货,所以付款账单中已扣除其费用。)
there was a deduction of £17 from the bill due to the late arrival of the product.
(由于产品到货较晚,17英镑已从账单中扣除。)
25% is deducted from your salary for tax.
(你的工资中已扣除25%的税款。)
最后,“rebate” 一词的意思是 “因超额付款而返还的部分款项”,常用来谈论账单和税款。来听两个例句。
examples
wang tian received a tax rebate of £63 at the end of the financial year.
(王天在财政年末收到了63镑的退税。)
you overpaid on your gas bill, so we're sending you a rebate.
(您多付了燃气费,所以我们会给您退钱。)
概括地说,名词 “concession” 多指 “给特定人群提供的优惠”。名词 “sale” 指 “销售”,但在谈论和 “促销” 有关的话题时,可以指 “减价”。比如,搭配 “on sale” 既有 “有售” 也有 “正在降价出售” 的意思。“discount” 作名词时的意思是 “折扣”,作动词时读作 “discount”,表示 “打折”。副词 “off” 在百分比或金额后用来说明打几折或降价多少;名词 “deduction” 多指 “从账单中扣除的费用”;名词 “rebate” 用来表示 “超额付款后返还的款项”。
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