通过阅读学词汇cet-凯发k8官网

unit thirty-one
on reading

studies serve for delight, for ¹, and for ability. their chief use for delight, is in privatenessand retiring; for ornament, is in ²; and for ability, is in the judgement and ⁴of business; for expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshallingof affairs come best from those that are learned. to spend too much time in studies, is ⁵; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar; they perfect nature, and are perfected by experience; for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need ⁶by study; and studies themselves do give ⁷ directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. ⁸ men ⁹ studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. read nor to contradictand confute, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and ³, but to weigh and consider. some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is , some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read but not ¹⁰; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligenceand attention. some books also may be read by deputy, and extractsmade of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments and the meaner sort of books; else ¹¹books are, like common distilled waters, flashy tings. reading make a full man; conferencea ready man; and writing an exact man; and, therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not. histories make men wise; poets, ¹³; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; ¹⁴ and ¹⁵, able to contend. there is no stand or impedimentin the wit, but may be ¹⁶ out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises; ¹⁷is good for the stone and ¹⁸, shooting for the lungs and breast, gentle walking for the stomach, riding for the head, and the like; so if a man’s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in ²⁰, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. if he be not aptto beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and ²¹ another, let him study the lawyers’ cases: so every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.

---------francis bacon

ornament n.1.装饰品,点缀品 2.装饰,点缀 vt.装饰,点缀,美化

private a.1.私人的,个人的 2.秘密的,私下的 3.私立的,私营的 n.士兵,列兵
privateness n.1.私人,个人 2.秘密,私下
privacy n.1.个人自由 2.隐私,私生活,私事

disposition n.1.性情,性格 2.意向,倾向 3.排列,部署
[联想词]               ²² n.气质,性格
               array n.1.展示,陈列 2.排列,队形 3.衣服,盛装 vt.1.排列,配置 2.打扮,装饰

marshal n.1.元帅,最高指挥官 2.总指挥,司仪 3.执法官,警察局长,消防队长 vt.整理,排列,集结
[联想词]               ²³ n.陆军中尉,海军上尉
               ²⁴ n.中士,警官

sloth n.懒散,怠惰

affectation n.1.做作,假装 2.矫揉造作

²⁵ vt.1.修剪,修整 2.删除,削减

contradict vt.1.反驳,否认…的真实性 2.与…发生矛盾

confute vt.驳斥,驳倒
[联想词]               refute vt. 驳斥,驳倒

²⁶ a.勤勉的,勤奋的
diligence n. 勤勉,勤奋